The Ajediam Glossary

Padparadscha is a rare and highly sought-after variety of corundum, known for its delicate pink-orange to orange-pink color. It's often considered one of the most valuable and desirable gemstones, combining the hues of pink sapphire and orange sapphire. This unique gemstone is prized for its rarity and exceptional beauty.

The Pahlavi Crown is a historical and ornate crown worn by Persian rulers during the Pahlavi dynasty. It's a symbol of Persian monarchy and is known for its intricate design, featuring numerous gemstones and precious metals. This crown holds significant cultural and historical importance.

In jewelry, "paillon" refers to tiny, thin pieces of gold or silver leaf used to decorate enamelwork or other jewelry components. These delicate metal foils are carefully applied and then fused to the surface to create intricate designs. Paillon work requires great skill and attention to detail.

Painted enamel is a technique in which enamel is applied to a jewelry piece as a paint-like substance, allowing for detailed and colorful designs. The enamel is then fired to create a permanent and vibrant decoration on the jewelry surface. This method has been used for centuries to create exquisite pieces of wearable art.

Painted grisaille is an enamel technique where monochromatic designs, often in shades of gray, are painted onto the surface of a jewelry piece. This technique creates a subtle and elegant effect, with the designs resembling miniature paintings. It is a delicate and refined form of jewelry decoration.

Palladium is a precious metal that is part of the platinum group of metals. It's known for its white color, durability, and resistance to tarnish. Palladium is used in jewelry making, often as an alternative to platinum or white gold. Its use in jewelry is valued for its hypoallergenic properties and lustrous appearance.

A palladium alloy is a combination of palladium with one or more other metals. These alloys are used in jewelry to improve the metal's properties, such as hardness or color. Common alloys include palladium-silver and palladium-gold combinations. These alloys offer versatility in jewelry design and performance.

Paltscho flowers are a traditional motif in jewelry design, especially in Eastern European and Russian jewelry. These stylized floral patterns are often featured in enamelwork, and they hold cultural and symbolic significance. The intricate detailing of paltscho flowers adds depth and beauty to jewelry pieces.

Pampilles is a French term used in jewelry design to describe pendant-like decorative elements, often hanging from necklaces or earrings. These pampilles can be adorned with gemstones or other ornaments, adding elegance to jewelry pieces. Pampilles are known for their ability to enhance the visual appeal of jewelry.

Panagia is a term used to refer to an Eastern Orthodox Christian religious pendant or icon, typically worn by believers as a form of devotion and protection. These pendants are often decorated with religious images and may contain relics. Panagia pendants are deeply meaningful and spiritually significant.

Panamanian jewelry refers to jewelry crafted in Panama, reflecting the country's culture and traditions. It may incorporate indigenous designs, materials, and techniques, making it unique and representative of Panama's heritage. Panamanian jewelry showcases the rich cultural diversity of the region.

A papal ring, also known as the "Fisherman's Ring," is a special ring worn by the Pope as a symbol of his authority and role as the Bishop of Rome. It traditionally features an image of Saint Peter fishing and is used in papal ceremonies. The papal ring is a powerful symbol of the papacy and its historical significance.

In gemology, a "paragon" is a term used to describe a flawless and exceptionally high-quality gemstone. It represents the pinnacle of gemstone quality and is often used as a benchmark for comparison when evaluating other gemstones. A paragon gemstone is considered a rare and remarkable find.

Parcel-gilt is a technique in which only part of a metal object, such as jewelry or a decorative item, is gilded (covered in a thin layer of gold). This creates a striking contrast between the gilded and non-gilded areas, enhancing the design. Parcel-gilt is known for its ability to create dramatic and visually appealing effects.

Parian jewelry refers to jewelry made from Parian ware, a type of high-quality, fine-grained porcelain produced in Paros, Greece. Parian jewelry often features intricately molded and delicate designs, showcasing the beauty of this material. The use of Parian ware in jewelry results in uniquely exquisite pieces.

Paris work is a term used to describe high-quality jewelry craftsmanship that originated in Paris, France. It often refers to exquisite detailing, exceptional design, and meticulous attention to detail in jewelry making, reflecting French artistry. Paris work is synonymous with precision and elegance.

Parrot jewelry features designs inspired by parrots, known for their vibrant plumage and unique appearance. Parrots are often depicted in jewelry using colorful gemstones, enameling, or intricate metalwork, creating eye-catching and playful pieces. Parrot jewelry is a celebration of nature's beauty and diversity.

Parthian jewelry refers to jewelry from the Parthian Empire, an ancient civilization that existed in the region of modern-day Iran and Iraq. Parthian jewelry often includes intricate metalwork, gemstones, and designs influenced by the era's aesthetics. It provides a glimpse into the artistry of a fascinating historical period.

Parti-coloration is a term used in gemology to describe gemstones with multiple colors or color zones within the same stone. These gemstones may display a combination of hues, making them unique and highly prized for their visual appeal. Parti-coloration adds depth and character to gemstones, making each one distinctive.

Parting in gemology refers to the separation of a gemstone into two or more pieces along a plane. This can occur naturally due to internal flaws or be intentionally induced during cutting. It's a critical aspect of gemstone assessment, as the presence of a clean parting can affect a gem's value significantly.

A parure is a matching set of jewelry pieces designed to be worn together, typically including a necklace, earrings, a bracelet, and a brooch. This luxurious and coordinated ensemble was fashionable during the 18th and 19th centuries, showcasing the craftsmanship and wealth of the wearer.

The Pasfield jewel is a famous antique jewelry piece known for its historical significance and exceptional craftsmanship. This term may refer to a specific jewelry item or collection with a unique story, making it a prized collectible in the world of antique jewelry.

Paste, in the context of jewelry, refers to imitation gemstones, often made of glass, that resemble real gemstones in appearance but are not genuine. Jewelry makers and collectors use the term to distinguish between real gemstones and their imitations.

Paste jewelry consists of imitation gemstones made from glass or other materials to mimic the appearance of real gemstones. Popular in the 18th century, it allowed people to enjoy the sparkle of gemstones without the cost, making it a fascinating aspect of jewelry history.

A paternoster is a type of prayer bead or rosary used in various religious traditions, including Christianity. It consists of a string of beads for counting prayers, serving as a tangible aid to devotion and meditation.

Patina refers to the thin layer that forms on the surface of metals, such as copper or bronze, over time due to oxidation and aging. It can add character and a sense of history to antique jewelry pieces, making them more appealing to collectors.

Silver that has developed a protective layer or tarnish over time, creating a specific color or finish. Patinated silver, intentionally oxidized for an antiqued appearance, adds character and depth to antique and vintage-inspired jewelry.

The Patricia Emerald is a renowned emerald gemstone known for its exceptional size and quality. This term may refer to a specific famous emerald or be used more broadly to describe high-quality emeralds of similar caliber, prized for their rarity and beauty.

A decorative technique where small beads or metal prongs are used to secure gemstones in a surface. Pave, derived from the French word for "paved," creates a stunning, continuous sparkle on jewelry surfaces.

A ring band covered with small gemstones set closely together. Pave bands, often chosen for their intricate and glamorous appearance, add a touch of sophistication and sparkle to the overall design of a ring.

A ring featuring a surface covered with small diamonds set closely together. Pave diamond rings, often associated with luxury and glamour, create a dazzling and eye-catching effect on the wearer's hand.

A setting style where small gemstones are set closely together, often covering the entire surface of a piece. Pave settings enhance the brilliance and luxurious appearance of jewelry.

In gemology, the pavilion refers to the lower portion of a cut gemstone, located below the girdle. It plays a crucial role in a gem's overall appearance and brilliance, as it contains facets that reflect and refract light to create the gem's sparkle and fire.

Pavilion facets are the flat, polished surfaces on the pavilion of a cut gemstone. They help reflect and refract light within the gem, contributing to its sparkle and overall visual appeal. The precise arrangement of these facets is a key aspect of gem cutting.

A pavé setting is a jewelry setting technique where small gemstones, often diamonds, are closely set together in a surface, creating a sparkling and continuous appearance. This technique is prized for its ability to enhance the brilliance and elegance of jewelry pieces.

Small diamonds set close together in a surface, creating a paved appearance. Pavé-set diamonds, meticulously arranged for maximum brilliance, enhance the overall radiance and glamour of jewelry pieces.

Peace ruby is a term used to describe a red or pinkish-red variety of the mineral corundum (ruby) that is associated with feelings of peace and tranquility. This term underscores the symbolic and emotional value that certain gemstones can hold beyond their physical attributes.

Peacock ore is a colorful variety of the mineral chalcopyrite, known for its iridescent blue, purple, and gold colors resembling a peacock's feathers. This striking appearance makes it a popular choice for collectors and those seeking unique gemstone specimens.

In jewelry design, a peapod motif is a decorative element that resembles a pea pod, often used to symbolize growth, fertility, or family. This whimsical and nature-inspired motif adds a touch of charm and meaning to jewelry pieces.

Pear-shaped is a term used to describe a gemstone or jewelry setting that resembles the shape of a pear, with a rounded end and a pointed end. This elegant and classic shape is a popular choice for pendants and earrings, adding sophistication to jewelry designs.

A pearl is a lustrous, spherical gemstone produced by certain mollusks, primarily oysters and mussels. Valued for its natural beauty and rarity, pearls have been treasured for centuries and are used in various types of jewelry, symbolizing purity and elegance.

The cultivation of pearls through the process of nucleation in controlled environments. Pearl farming involves careful management of oysters, providing optimal conditions to produce high-quality pearls with consistent size, shape, and luster.

Pearl essence refers to the essence or beauty of pearls, often used metaphorically to describe something that embodies purity, elegance, or perfection. This term highlights the timeless allure and sophistication associated with pearls in the world of fashion and style.

A pearl mussel is a type of freshwater mussel that can produce pearls. Valued for its ability to create natural pearls, pearl mussels have played a significant role in the history of pearl harvesting, providing the world with these exquisite gems.

A pearl necklace is a piece of jewelry made by stringing together pearls, which are often spherical gemstones created by certain mollusks. Pearl necklaces can come in various lengths and styles, from chokers to long strands.

A pearl oyster is a type of mollusk that produces pearls. These oysters are highly valued for their ability to create pearls, which are formed when a foreign object becomes trapped within the oyster's shell, leading to the secretion of nacre around it.

Peasant jewelry refers to jewelry pieces traditionally crafted by rural or indigenous communities. These pieces often incorporate locally sourced materials and display unique cultural aesthetics and techniques.

Pebble jewelry is a type of jewelry that features small, smooth stones or pebbles as the primary decorative elements. These pebbles are often polished and mounted in settings to create minimalist and naturalistic jewelry pieces.

A pectoral is a decorative chest ornament or pendant worn on the chest, often by priests, religious leaders, or high-ranking individuals. It can be made from various materials, such as metal, gemstones, or wood, and may have symbolic or religious significance.

A pectoral cross is a crucifix or cross worn as a pendant on the chest by clergy in Christian traditions. It symbolizes the wearer's faith and religious role and is typically larger and more ornate than regular crosses.

A pectoral disc is a circular or disk-shaped ornament, often made of metal or other materials, worn on the chest. It can be adorned with intricate designs or symbols and is sometimes used as a religious or ceremonial accessory.

The "Pectoral of the Universe" is a term used to describe a symbolic chest ornament that represents the cosmos or universe in certain cultural or religious contexts. It typically features celestial motifs and holds deep spiritual significance.

The "Dom Pedro" emerald is one of the largest emeralds ever found. It is named after Dom Pedro I, the first Emperor of Brazil, and is renowned for its exceptional size and rich green color. This emerald is considered a valuable gemstone.

A peg setting is a jewelry setting technique where a gemstone is held in place by small metal prongs or pegs. This setting allows more light to enter the gem, enhancing its brilliance and is commonly used for securing faceted gemstones.

Pelican jewelry features designs inspired by the pelican, a bird often associated with self-sacrifice and nurturing. Pelican-themed jewelry may incorporate the bird's image or symbolism in various forms, such as pendants, brooches, or earrings.

A pelta is a shield-like decorative motif often used in jewelry and other forms of art. It typically has a curved or crescent shape, resembling a small shield, and is commonly found in ancient and historical jewelry designs.

Penannular refers to a type of jewelry, such as brooches or rings, that has an incomplete circular shape with a small opening. This design allows for easy attachment and detachment, making it suitable for fastening garments and cloaks.

A penannular ear-ring is an earring that adopts the penannular design, featuring an incomplete circular shape with an opening. This style of earring is known for its simplicity and historical significance.

A penannular pin brooch is a brooch designed in the penannular style, featuring an incomplete circular shape with an opening. These brooches were historically used to fasten garments and often display intricate craftsmanship.

A penannular finger ring is a ring with an incomplete circular shape, characterized by an opening. It can be worn on the finger and is often seen as a piece of historic or traditional jewelry.

A pendant is a decorative piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain, cord, or necklace. It can be crafted from various materials, including metals, gemstones, or glass, and can take various shapes and designs, adding a focal point to necklaces.

A pendant frame is a structure or setting designed to hold and display a gemstone, cameo, or other decorative element within a pendant. It provides both support and aesthetic enhancement to the pendant's centerpiece.

A pendant watch is a miniature timepiece designed to be worn as a pendant on a necklace or chain. These watches are often intricately designed and serve both functional and ornamental purposes.

A pendeloque is a type of gemstone cut characterized by a symmetrical, elongated shape with pointed ends, resembling a teardrop or oval with facets. It is commonly used for gemstones like diamonds and adds elegance to jewelry pieces.

The Pendeloque cut is a diamond cut characterized by a modified pear shape, featuring a brilliant cut crown and a pointed, elongated bottom. It's often used in jewelry settings and is admired for its elegant and timeless appearance.

The Pendeloque rose cut is a variation of the rose cut, known for its flat base and numerous facets arranged in a symmetrical pattern. This antique cutting style adds a vintage charm to gemstones and is prized by collectors.

The Penicuik Jewels refer to a collection of historic jewelry and gemstones associated with the Penicuik family in Scotland. This collection showcases the opulence and cultural heritage of the family over the years.

The Penicuik Locket is a specific piece of jewelry, likely a pendant or locket, associated with the Penicuik family. Its design and craftsmanship hold historical and sentimental value, making it a cherished heirloom.

The Penicuik Necklace is a specific necklace associated with the Penicuik family, known for its historical and aesthetic value. This exquisite piece exemplifies the elegance and style of its era.

A penis sheath is a traditional garment or covering worn over the male genitalia, often made from various materials, including leather or fabric. It has been worn by diverse cultures as both a functional and decorative item.

The Penruddock Jewel is a historical piece of jewelry or ornament associated with the Penruddock family or a specific individual named Penruddock. Its historical significance and design make it a remarkable artifact.

The Pentagon cut is a diamond cut with a five-sided shape, known for its unique and geometric appearance. Its modern and angular design distinguishes it from traditional diamond cuts, adding a contemporary touch to jewelry.

The Percy Signet Ring is a type of ring featuring a signet-style design, often associated with the Percy family or its historical significance. These rings were used to seal documents and convey the family's heritage and authority.

La Peregina refers to a famous historical pearl that was once part of the Spanish Crown Jewels and later owned by Elizabeth Taylor. This renowned pearl is celebrated for its exceptional size, luster, and rich history.

Perfume jewelry combines functional fragrance containers with decorative jewelry, allowing the wearer to carry and apply perfume discreetly. These innovative pieces merge fashion and fragrance in a unique and stylish way.

Periamma is a term that could refer to a specific gemstone, jewelry item, or individual associated with jewelry and gemstones. Without further context, its precise definition may vary.

Periclase is a mineral, often found in marble and other rocks, known for its white or colorless appearance and use in jewelry. It serves as a gemstone with a pure and timeless beauty.

Peridot is a gemstone known for its vibrant green color, often used in jewelry. It's a variety of olivine and symbolizes renewal and vitality, making it a popular choice for jewelry with a touch of nature's beauty.

Peristerite is a type of moonstone, known for its bluish sheen, often used in jewelry for its unique play of color. Its ethereal glow and shimmering effects make it a captivating choice for gemstone enthusiasts.

Perlite is a volcanic glass often used in jewelry-making for its lightweight and porous nature, making it suitable for certain jewelry designs. This versatile material lends itself to creative and contemporary jewelry pieces.

Pertábgarh jewelry likely refers to jewelry items or styles associated with Pertábgarh, and would be classified under regional or cultural jewelry. The distinct cultural influences make this jewelry collection rich and diverse.

Peruvian jewelry refers to jewelry items, designs, or traditions associated with Peru's rich cultural heritage and craftsmanship. It reflects the artistic expressions and traditions of Peru's diverse regions and people.

The Peruzzi cut is a historical diamond cutting style named after the Peruzzi family of diamond cutters. It is characterized by a high crown and few facets, giving it a distinctive appearance. This style is known for maximizing a diamond's brilliance and sparkle, making it highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts.

Vincenzo Peruzzi was a famous Italian jeweler and goldsmith known for his work during the Italian Renaissance. He contributed significantly to the field of jewelry design, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of art and craftsmanship.

A Petoskey stone is a fossilized coral rock found in Michigan, known for its distinctive hexagonal pattern. It is often used in jewelry and as a symbol of the state of Michigan. These stones are sought after for their unique appearance, often polished to reveal their intricate fossilized designs.

A Petrossa Gorget is a neck ornament, often of a decorative or ceremonial nature, associated with a specific style or design attributed to the Petrossa culture or origin. These gorgets are historically significant and serve as artifacts representing the cultural heritage of the Petrossa people.

The Petrossa Treasure refers to a collection of valuable jewelry and artifacts associated with the Petrossa culture or origin, often of historical or archaeological significance. This treasure trove offers insights into the craftsmanship and traditions of the Petrossa civilization.

A Petrossa brooch is a type of decorative pin or ornament, typically adorned with gemstones and intricate designs, named after its designer or origin. These brooches are prized for their craftsmanship and ability to complement various outfits and styles.

Pewter is a malleable metal alloy, primarily composed of tin, often used for creating decorative objects and jewelry due to its low melting point and ease of casting. In jewelry making, pewter is valued for its ability to take intricate shapes and designs.

Phenakite, also spelled Phenacite, is a rare and highly transparent gemstone known for its exceptional clarity and brilliance, often used in high-quality jewelry. This gemstone's scarcity and outstanding optical properties make it a prized choice for gem enthusiasts.

Phoenician jewelry refers to jewelry pieces and designs originating from the ancient Phoenician civilization, characterized by intricate metalwork and colorful gemstone settings. These artifacts provide a glimpse into the artistic and metallurgical prowess of the Phoenician culture.

A Phoenix Jewel is a symbolic jewelry item often featuring a phoenix motif, symbolizing rebirth, renewal, and immortality. It is often used in jewelry design and as a meaningful gift. The phoenix symbolism in these jewels resonates with individuals seeking hope and transformation in their lives.

Phoenix jewelry encompasses jewelry items and designs inspired by the phoenix bird, symbolizing themes of resurrection and transformation. It is a popular motif in jewelry design, with each piece reflecting the mythical bird's enduring symbolism.

Photographic jewelry includes pieces that incorporate miniature photographs or daguerreotypes, often set within lockets or brooches, allowing people to carry loved ones' images close. These sentimental pieces serve as keepsakes and cherished tokens of affection.

A Phylactery pendant is a religious or spiritual jewelry piece containing a tiny scroll with sacred text, typically worn as a protective amulet or a symbol of faith and devotion. These pendants hold deep spiritual significance for wearers seeking divine protection and guidance.

Pi is a type of Chinese decorative ornament, often in the form of a round disc with a central hole, symbolizing unity and harmony. It is used in traditional Chinese jewelry and art to convey auspicious meanings, making it an integral part of Chinese culture and design.

A pickle, in jewelry making, refers to an acid solution (usually a dilute acid like sulfuric acid) used to remove oxidation and flux residues from metal surfaces after soldering. The pickle plays a crucial role in achieving a clean and polished finish in jewelry fabrication.

Picotite is a rare mineral often found in kimberlite pipes, and it can contain diamonds. It is of interest to gemologists and mineralogists for its association with diamond deposits. Gemologists study picotite as it provides valuable insights into the geological conditions that foster diamond formation.

Pierre d'Alençon refers to a type of fine lacework or delicate ornamental work commonly used in jewelry design, characterized by its intricate and lacy appearance. This exquisite craftsmanship is highly prized for its ability to add intricate detailing to jewelry pieces.

Pietra dura is an Italian term for the art of inlaying small, highly polished stones or gems into a hard, stone-like material to create decorative designs and scenes in jewelry and objects. This meticulous technique has been used for centuries to create stunning, enduring works of art.

Pigeon's-blood ruby is a term used to describe a rare and highly prized variety of ruby known for its rich, deep red color reminiscent of the color of a pigeon's blood. These rubies are among the most sought-after gemstones by collectors and connoisseurs.

A piggy-back diamond refers to a secondary smaller diamond that is set alongside a larger one, often for decorative purposes. This arrangement can create a unique and visually appealing look in jewelry.

The Pigot Diamond is a renowned gemstone with a rich history, known for its exceptional brilliance and quality. It has been coveted for centuries by collectors and jewelry enthusiasts alike.

Pilgrim badges are small, often intricately designed, metal badges that medieval Christian pilgrims wore to signify their pilgrimage journeys. These badges were typically made of lead-tin alloy and served both as mementos and symbols of faith.

A pin is a versatile jewelry accessory that can take various forms, including brooches, lapel pins, and hat pins. Pins are used for attaching clothing, securing scarves, or simply as decorative elements to enhance an outfit's style.

A pin brooch is a jewelry piece combining the functions of a pin and a brooch. It can be used to fasten clothing and adorn it simultaneously, offering both practicality and fashion in one elegant design.

A pin suite refers to a collection of coordinating pins designed to be worn together, often featuring a common theme or design elements. These suites offer versatility in personal style and make a statement when worn as a set.

Pin-fire opal is a type of opal with distinctive play-of-color resembling small, closely spaced dots or pinpoints. This optical phenomenon adds depth and character to opal gemstones, making them highly prized by gem enthusiasts.

Christopher Pinchbeck was a notable English clockmaker and inventor known for creating Pinchbeck metal, a popular gold substitute in the 18th century. His innovative alloy allowed for more affordable yet attractive jewelry designs.

The species of oyster that produces South Sea pearls, known for their large size and lustrous appearance. Pinctada Maxima oysters thrive in the warm waters of the South Pacific, yielding pearls with exceptional beauty.

A gold alloy with a pinkish hue, created by adding copper to the gold. Pink gold, also known as rose gold, imparts a warm and romantic tone to jewelry, adding a contemporary and fashionable touch.

A pink variety of the mineral corundum, prized for its vibrant color and hardness. Pink sapphires, symbolizing love and femininity, are coveted for their exceptional beauty and make stunning centerpieces in various jewelry designs.

Pink moonstone is a variety of moonstone known for its delicate, rosy sheen and ethereal appearance. This gemstone is valued for its soothing energy and is often used in jewelry pieces that symbolize femininity and emotional healing.

Pinpoint opal is a type of opal with extremely fine, pinpoint-sized play-of-color flashes. The tiny, vivid flashes of color give these opals a captivating and vibrant appearance, making them sought after by gem collectors.

Piqué is a French term used in jewelry to describe the technique of inlaying or decorating a piece with materials such as tortoiseshell, gold, or other precious materials. This intricate method results in unique and ornate jewelry designs.

Piqué d'or, a French term, refers to a jewelry-making technique that involves the inlay of gold into materials such as tortoiseshell or other substances. This decorative technique produces exquisite patterns and designs.

A Piqué diamond is a diamond with visible inclusions or imperfections. These diamonds are often used in antique jewelry, and their distinct character adds a vintage charm to the pieces they adorn.

Piqué point is a French jewelry technique involving the use of tiny points or dots of gold to create intricate patterns or designs on materials like tortoiseshell. This meticulous craftsmanship results in visually stunning pieces.

Piqué posé is a French jewelry technique where gold or metal wires are carefully laid on the surface of materials like tortoiseshell to create detailed decorative motifs. The artistry and precision of this technique make for remarkable jewelry.

Pistacite is a captivating green variety of garnet known for its unique color reminiscent of pistachio nuts. This gemstone is a rare find and is prized for its distinctive beauty in jewelry creations.

Benedetto Pistrucci was a renowned Italian engraver and medalist celebrated for his exceptional craftsmanship. He is particularly famous for his design of the iconic George and the Dragon coinage pattern.

The Pitt Diamond is a famous historical diamond with a rich and storied past. Once part of the French Crown Jewels, this diamond has been associated with prominent historical figures and is a remarkable gemstone of great significance.

Small surface depressions or indentations on a gemstone or metal. Pitting, though often a result of natural processes, is carefully addressed during gemstone finishing to maintain a smooth and flawless surface.

A plaque brooch is a type of brooch featuring a flat, often rectangular, decorative element. These brooches are versatile and can be adorned with various designs, from intricate patterns to gemstone embellishments.

Plasma is a state of matter in which atoms are ionized, resulting in a high-energy, electrically conductive gas. It is often used in technologies like plasma cutting and television displays.

Plastic is a synthetic polymer material that can be molded into various shapes. In jewelry, plastics are commonly used for components like beads and clasps, offering versatility and affordability to designers.

Plate inlay is a jewelry technique that involves setting one material, often metal, into a recessed area of another material, typically a precious metal. This technique allows for intricate designs and patterns to be created on jewelry pieces.

Platinum is a rare and precious metal known for its durability and lustrous appearance. It is a popular choice for crafting high-end jewelry due to its hypoallergenic properties and resistance to tarnish.

A platinum alloy is a mixture of platinum with other metals, enhancing its properties for specific jewelry applications. These alloys can provide variations in color, hardness, and other characteristics to meet specific design requirements.

The ability of a gemstone to display different colors when viewed from different angles. Pleochroism adds a fascinating dimension to gemstones, revealing a spectrum of colors and captivating the observer.

Pleonaste is a mineral that can be used as a gemstone. It is typically black or dark brown and is valued for its unique appearance, making it a choice for creating distinctive jewelry pieces.

Plique à jour is a jewelry technique of creating translucent enamelwork resembling stained glass. It involves intricate metalwork and enamel application, resulting in delicate and colorful jewelry designs.

A technique in enameling where the enamel is applied in separate cells, creating a stained glass effect. Plique-a-jour, meaning "letting in daylight" in French, produces intricate and ethereal jewelry pieces reminiscent of illuminated art.

A pocket watch is a timekeeping device designed to be carried in a pocket, typically attached to a chain. It was a popular accessory in the past and is often considered a collector's item today.

The Pohl Diamond is a famous and valuable diamond known for its exceptional quality and size. It has been revered in the world of gemology and is a highly sought-after gemstone.

In gemology, a point refers to a unit of measurement for the size of diamonds, with one point equal to 0.01 carats. It is a standard measurement used in the diamond industry to describe the size of diamonds precisely.

A point-cut diamond is a diamond with a flat or pointed bottom, creating a unique and historical look. This distinctive cut can be found in vintage and antique jewelry pieces.

Pointillé is a jewelry design technique that involves the use of tiny, closely spaced dots or points to create intricate patterns or textures. This painstaking method results in visually striking and detailed jewelry designs.

Poinçon de contrôle, a French term, refers to hallmarking or a quality control mark placed on jewelry to certify its authenticity and quality. These marks are essential for ensuring the integrity of jewelry pieces.

Poire is the French word for "pear," often used in jewelry to describe a pear-shaped gemstone or jewelry item. Pear-shaped gemstones are favored for their elegant and timeless appearance.

A poison ring is a type of ring with a hidden compartment, historically used for carrying poison or other substances. These intriguing rings have a rich history and are prized for their unique design.

Poissarde is a French term used to describe jewelry created in the style of the fisherwomen of Marseille, known for their vibrant and unique jewelry designs. These pieces often incorporate sea-inspired motifs and colorful gemstones.

The Polar Star Diamond is a notable diamond known for its remarkable size, clarity, and brilliance. This exceptional gem has a prominent place in the world of diamonds and gemology.

A polished girdle refers to the smooth, finished edge or rim of a diamond or gemstone, enhancing its appearance and overall quality. It is an essential feature in gemstone grading, contributing to a gem's brilliance and aesthetics.

Polishing is a jewelry finishing process that involves buffing the surface to a high sheen or gloss, enhancing the jewelry's appearance. This meticulous step is crucial for achieving the desired luster and visual appeal of jewelry pieces.

Polychrome jewelry features a variety of vibrant colors, often achieved through the use of different gemstones, enamels, or metals, creating a colorful and intricate design. This style of jewelry is celebrated for its artistic and eye-catching appeal.

A polyhedron ear-ring is a type of earring that features a geometric design resembling a polyhedron, a three-dimensional shape with flat faces. These earrings are known for their unique and modern aesthetic, often made from various materials such as metals, plastic, or gemstones. They can be a striking accessory for those looking to make a fashion statement.

A pomander is a decorative, scented ball or container used historically to carry aromatic substances, such as spices or dried flowers. They were often worn as jewelry or hung on clothing to mask unpleasant odors. Pomanders were popular during the Renaissance and continue to be used today as ornamental items or in rituals and ceremonies. They come in various shapes and materials, including metal, porcelain, and even cloth sachets filled with fragrant materials.

Arnaldo Pomodoro is an Italian sculptor known for his contemporary art pieces. While not directly related to jewelry, his work may inspire avant-garde jewelry designers. Pomodoro's sculptures often feature geometric and abstract forms, which could influence jewelry design concepts that emphasize shape and form.

The Poniatowski Collection is a famous collection of jewelry and gemstones amassed by Prince Stanisław Poniatowski, a Polish nobleman, and diplomat in the 18th century. The collection included exquisite pieces, including diamonds and historic jewelry. It's notable for its historical significance and the quality of its gemstones, making it a valuable part of jewelry history.

A pontifical ring is a special ring worn by a bishop or other high-ranking clergy in some Christian traditions. It is a symbol of their authority and role within the church. These rings are often ornate and may feature religious symbols or gemstones. They hold significant religious and ceremonial importance.

Ponytails, in the context of jewelry, might refer to a type of jewelry item or design that features horse-related themes or motifs. It could include pieces with horse-shaped pendants or charms. The term might also be used in the context of hairstyles, but in the provided categories, it's likely related to jewelry with equestrian themes.

The Popayán eagle is a historical symbol often found on Colombian jewelry. It represents the city of Popayán, Colombia, and its cultural heritage. This eagle motif is a notable part of Colombian jewelry design, especially in pieces that celebrate the country's history and culture.

Popayán jewelry refers to jewelry that originates from or is associated with the city of Popayán in Colombia. This type of jewelry often features unique designs and motifs inspired by the city's cultural heritage, including the Popayán eagle. It's known for its craftsmanship and the use of traditional and indigenous techniques, making it a significant part of Colombian jewelry history.

In the context of jewelry, a popinjay might refer to a piece of jewelry featuring a design or motif inspired by a parrot or a bird. The term "popinjay" historically referred to a parrot or a vain and showy person. In jewelry, it could be used to describe pieces with colorful bird-themed designs, often seen in vintage or antique jewelry.

Poporá refers to a traditional indigenous ornament or chest pendant worn by the Emberá and Wounaan indigenous people of Colombia. It's typically made from natural materials like seeds, wood, and fibers and is intricately woven or crafted to represent cultural symbols and stories. While not traditional jewelry in the Western sense, Poporá holds deep cultural and symbolic significance among these indigenous communities.

Porcelain jewelry features delicate pieces made from porcelain ceramic. These pieces are often hand-painted, glazed, and fired to create intricate designs, including floral patterns and miniature sculptures. Porcelain jewelry is known for its elegance and fragility, making it a unique and artistic choice for accessories.

A portrait bracelet is a type of jewelry that includes miniature portraits, often painted on ivory or porcelain, set into the bracelet links. These portraits may depict loved ones, historical figures, or famous individuals. Portrait bracelets were popular during the 18th and 19th centuries and are considered a form of sentimental jewelry. They offer a personal connection to the wearer's history and loved ones.

A portrait cameo is a carved gem or shell that features a raised relief image, typically a person's profile or portrait. These cameos were often used in jewelry to create unique and personalized pieces. Portrait cameos can be highly detailed and are cherished for their artistic value and connection to individuals or historical figures.

A portrait diamond is a type of diamond that has been intricately cut or engraved with a portrait or image. These diamonds are exceptionally rare and valuable due to the skill required to create them. They are often used in high-end and custom jewelry, serving as a unique and personalized centerpiece. Portrait diamonds showcase both the brilliance of the gem and the artistry of the engraver.

Portrait jewelry encompasses various types of jewelry, including bracelets, cameos, diamonds, and other pieces that feature portraits or images of individuals, loved ones, or historical figures. These pieces hold sentimental value and are cherished as personal mementos or artistic representations. Portrait jewelry is often custom-made and can range from small, intimate pieces to larger, more elaborate designs.

A portrait medallion is a round or oval-shaped pendant or ornament that features a raised or engraved portrait or image. These medallions are often worn as jewelry or used as decorative elements. They can be made from various materials, including metal, stone, or ceramic. Portrait medallions hold artistic and sentimental value, making them meaningful and cherished pieces of jewelry or art.

A portrait ring is a type of ring that features a portrait or image, often of a loved one or historical figure, as the central design element. These rings are highly personalized and are cherished for their sentimental value. They can be made from various materials, including precious metals and gemstones, and are often custom-designed to capture the likeness and personality of the subject. Portrait rings serve as meaningful heirlooms and tokens of affection.

The term "Portuguese diamond" may refer to diamonds that were historically mined in Portugal. However, it's essential to note that Portugal is not a significant diamond-producing country. The term might also be associated with diamonds cut in a specific style known as the Portuguese cut, characterized by a round outline with numerous facets. This cut is known for its exceptional brilliance and fire, making diamonds appear exceptionally radiant.

Posamenterie style refers to a decorative style often seen in textiles, clothing, and accessories, including some jewelry. It features ornate trimmings, tassels, cords, and fringes used for embellishment. In jewelry, this style might be represented in pieces that incorporate intricate, decorative elements reminiscent of posamenterie designs, adding a lavish and opulent touch to the accessory.

Marjorie Merriweather Post was a prominent American socialite and businesswoman known for her collection of exquisite jewelry and luxury items. In this context, "Handbag" likely refers to an accessory from her collection. While not a specific jewelry term, her collection could have inspired jewelry designs or been associated with high-end, luxury jewelry pieces, given her influence in high society and her affinity for collecting fine items.

A posy holder is a small, decorative container often worn as jewelry, used historically to carry small flowers or herbs. These charming accessories were popular in the Victorian era and served as tokens of affection.

A posy ring is a type of ring with a short inscription on the inside, typically a short poem or message, exchanged as a token of affection. These rings date back to medieval times and were often given as love tokens.

Potences à is a French term used in jewelry design, referring to pendant-like ornaments or drops often found in earrings or necklaces. These decorative elements add grace and movement to jewelry pieces.

Jean Pouget was a historical figure, and more context is needed to provide a specific definition.

Prase is a variety of green quartz, often used as a gemstone. It can vary in color and is valued for its unique green hues. Prase gemstones are appreciated for their earthy and soothing appearance.

Praseolite is a gemstone variety of quartz that is green due to heat treatment. It's sometimes called green amethyst. This gemstone is known for its delicate green color and is used in various jewelry designs.

Prasiolite is another term for green quartz, similar to prase, and is often used in jewelry. It is cherished for its serene green tones, making it a popular choice for gemstone jewelry.

Prasopal is a term that may refer to green opal or green gemstones that resemble opal. More context is needed for a precise definition.

Pre-Columbian jade jewelry refers to jewelry pieces made from jade by indigenous cultures in the Americas before Christopher Columbus's arrival. These artifacts offer valuable insights into the craftsmanship of ancient civilizations.

Pre-Columbian jewelry encompasses various jewelry styles and materials used by indigenous cultures in the Americas before European contact. These artifacts are important cultural and historical treasures.

A rare and valuable metal, such as gold, silver, platinum, or palladium, often used in jewelry. Precious metals, prized for their rarity and enduring beauty, form the foundation of exquisite and lasting jewelry pieces.

A material made of tiny particles of metal mixed with an organic binder, used in jewelry making. Precious metal clay offers artists a versatile medium to sculpt intricate and personalized jewelry pieces before firing to achieve metal solidity.

Precious opal is a type of opal that displays play-of-color, a phenomenon where it exhibits a range of colors when viewed from different angles. This unique optical effect makes precious opal highly sought after in jewelry.

Precious stone is a general term used to describe valuable gemstones such as diamonds, rubies, emeralds, and sapphires. These gemstones are treasured for their rarity, beauty, and enduring value.

Prehnite is a green mineral that is sometimes used in jewelry, known for its unique color and translucent appearance. Prehnite gemstones are admired for their gentle green tones and are used in a variety of jewelry pieces.

Premier is a term that can refer to a jewelry brand or a high-quality piece of jewelry, often used in the context of luxury. Premier jewelry brands are known for their exceptional craftsmanship and exquisite designs.

Premier Rose Diamond is likely a specific diamond or gemstone. More context is needed for a precise definition.

Pressing in jewelry making refers to a technique where metal is shaped by pressing it into a mold or die. This method is used to create intricate designs and textures in metal jewelry.

A pretzel bracelet is a type of bracelet with a design resembling a pretzel, often made from metal or adorned with gemstones. These whimsical bracelets are popular for their unique and playful design.

The Treasure of Priam refers to a legendary collection of treasures from the ancient city of Troy, often referenced in literature and history. These treasures are the stuff of legends, symbolizing the riches of an ancient civilization.

A priest's ring is a type of religious jewelry worn by priests or clergy members, often bearing religious symbols or significance. These rings hold deep religious meaning and are worn as symbols of faith and authority.

Prince Harlequin Opal is likely a specific opal variety or gemstone. More context is needed for a precise definition.

The princess cut is a popular diamond cut characterized by its square or rectangular shape and pointed corners. It is known for its brilliance and sharp, clean lines, making it a popular choice for engagement rings and other jewelry.

In gemology, a profile cut refers to a specific way a gemstone is shaped or cut, often to enhance its appearance or fit a particular jewelry setting. Gem cutters use various techniques to create profile cuts that bring out the best in a gem's characteristics, such as its color and clarity. This term falls under the category of "Gemology."

A setting style where metal prongs secure a gemstone in place, allowing more light to enter the stone. Prong settings showcase gemstones prominently, emphasizing their brilliance and facilitating optimal light exposure.

Prophylactic jewelry refers to jewelry items designed with a specific purpose of protection or prevention in mind, such as amulets or talismans believed to ward off negative energies or illnesses. These pieces often hold sentimental value and cultural significance.

A prospector's brooch is a type of brooch or pin that typically features a small container or compartment for holding valuable minerals or gemstones found during prospecting or mining activities. These unique pieces combine practicality with decorative aesthetics and are closely associated with mining history.

A protome ear-ring is a type of earring featuring a decorative element, often representing a face, animal, or mythical figure, at its center. These intricate and artistic earrings are a testament to the creativity and craftsmanship in jewelry design. This term is related to "Jewelry Design."

A tool used in gemology to measure the angles and proportions of a cut gemstone. The protractor aids gemologists in accurately assessing the craftsmanship of gemstone cuts, ensuring precision and optimal light performance.

The history or origin of a gemstone or piece of jewelry, often affecting its value. Provenance provides valuable insights into a gem's journey, influencing its rarity and significance in the eyes of collectors.

Provenance, also known as provenience, refers to the documented history or origin of a piece of jewelry, including its previous owners, places of origin, and any notable events in its history. It plays a crucial role in establishing the authenticity and value of jewelry items.

Pseudophite is a term used in mineralogy to describe a mineral or mineral substance that is often mistaken for another mineral due to similar appearances or properties. It highlights the complexities of mineral identification and classification.

Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin was a 19th-century English architect and designer known for his contributions to the Gothic Revival style, including architectural and decorative elements used in jewelry design. His work has had a lasting impact on the world of jewelry design, reflecting a unique blend of historical and artistic influences.

A purse mount is a decorative or functional element that can be attached to a purse or handbag, often serving as both an ornament and a practical clasp or closure. These accessories add a touch of elegance and functionality to fashion-conscious individuals.

A puzzle ring is a type of ring that consists of multiple interconnected bands, which must be arranged in a specific way to form a complete ring. These rings have a long history, often symbolizing unity and the complexity of human relationships. They are intriguing pieces of jewelry that require both skill and patience to assemble correctly.

Pyramid cut is a gemstone cutting style where the gem is shaped like a pyramid with four triangular faces meeting at a point. This cut is used for various gemstones and falls under "Gemology." Gem cutters use this style to create unique and striking gemstone shapes that catch the light in fascinating ways, making jewelry pieces stand out.

Pyrite is a common mineral known for its brassy yellow color and metallic luster. It is often referred to as "fool's gold" due to its resemblance to gold. Pyrite is categorized under "Gemology." In mineral collections, pyrite specimens are appreciated for their distinctive appearance and association with geological processes.

Pyrites is the plural form of pyrite, referring to multiple specimens or grains of the mineral pyrite. This term falls under the category of "Gemology." The presence of pyrites in geological samples can provide valuable insights into the geological history and conditions of an area.

Pyrope is a variety of garnet known for its deep red color. It is a popular gemstone used in jewelry, especially in vintage and antique pieces. This term falls under the category of "Gemology." Pyrope's rich color and durability make it a favorite choice for adding a touch of elegance to jewelry designs.

Pyroxene is a group of silicate minerals commonly found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. It is not typically used in jewelry but is of significance in geology and mineralogy. Pyroxenes come in various forms and colors, contributing to the diversity of Earth's mineral composition.

The Pátzcuaro fish necklace is a traditional piece of jewelry from Pátzcuaro, Mexico, featuring fish-shaped ornaments. Symbolizing the region's culture and craftsmanship, this necklace is a vivid representation of the artistry found in indigenous jewelry-making traditions.

Pâte de verre is a glassworking technique where crushed glass is mixed with a binding agent to create decorative glass objects or jewelry. This French term, translating to "glass paste," highlights the artistry and delicate craftsmanship involved in creating unique glass pieces.

Nardon Pénicaud, also known as Léonard Pénicaud, was a French enamelist known for his intricate enamel work on jewelry and metalwork. His craftsmanship is celebrated for its historical significance and artistic beauty.

Robert Phillips is a historical figure known for his contributions to the field of gemology, including the development of gemstone grading systems and expertise in gem identification. His work laid the foundation for modern gemological practices and standards.

A lab-created gemstone with the same chemical composition and properties as its natural counterpart. Synthetic gemstones offer an ethical and sustainable alternative, providing options for eco-conscious consumers without compromising beauty or quality.