The Ajediam Glossary

CAD, or Computer-Aided Design, is a technology used in jewelry design that involves creating digital models and visualizations before the actual manufacturing process.

Cabbing is the process of shaping and polishing gemstone cabochons, enhancing their luster and visual appeal. This lapidary technique is commonly used for various gemstone varieties.

A cabochon is a gemstone that has been shaped and polished into a smooth, rounded dome without facets. This cut emphasizes the stone's color and texture rather than its brilliance. Cabochons can be used in various types of jewelry, such as rings, pendants, and earrings.

Cacholong, also known as white chalcedony, is a milky white or pale-colored variety of chalcedony. It is often used as a gemstone in jewelry and is valued for its smooth texture and opaque appearance. Cacholong can be carved into cameos, beads, or used as cabochons in various jewelry designs.

Cadenas, meaning "lock" in French, refers to a type of decorative padlock that is often incorporated into jewelry, particularly bracelets or necklaces. Cadenas locks can be functional or purely ornamental, and they add a unique and stylish element to the design.

In jewelry, a cage refers to a framework or structure made of metal wires or other materials that holds a gemstone or other decorative elements. The cage allows the enclosed item to be visible from various angles and can add an interesting and artistic touch to the overall design of the piece.

Caillou du Rhin, meaning "Rhine stone" in French, refers to a term used for glass stones that imitate gemstones. These stones were produced in the Rhineland region of Germany during the 18th and 19th centuries. Caillou du Rhin stones were often used as affordable alternatives to genuine gemstones in vintage and antique jewelry.

Cairngorm is a type of smoky quartz that is found in the Cairngorm Mountains of Scotland. It typically exhibits a brownish-gray to smoky brown color and is often used in jewelry as a gemstone. Cairngorm stones are popular for their earthy beauty and can be faceted or cut into cabochons for use in various jewelry designs.

The Cairo star cut is a type of gemstone cut that features a star-shaped pattern on the crown (top) of the stone. This cut is achieved by faceting the gemstone in a specific pattern that creates the appearance of a star when viewed from the top. The Cairo star cut adds a unique and eye-catching element to gemstone jewelry.

Calaite is a trade name for a type of blue-green gemstone that is a combination of calcite and aragonite. It often displays a banded or swirled pattern and can resemble turquoise or chrysocolla. Calaite is used in jewelry and is appreciated for its vibrant colors and unique patterns.

Alexander Calder was an American sculptor and artist known for his innovative and abstract mobile sculptures. While not directly related to jewelry, Calder's artistic contributions have inspired and influenced jewelry design, particularly in the realm of kinetic and sculptural jewelry.

The calibré cut is a style of gemstone cutting that involves shaping a gemstone to fit precisely into a specific jewelry setting. The cut focuses on achieving a custom shape and size that matches the intended design. Calibré cut gemstones are often used as accents in jewelry, particularly in settings with multiple stones that need to align perfectly.

Californite, also known as California jade, is a green gemstone that is primarily composed of serpentine minerals. It is typically found in California, USA, and is used as a gemstone in jewelry. Californite is admired for its soothing green color and is often carved into beads, cabochons, and other jewelry components.

Calima jewelry refers to ancient jewelry artifacts produced by the Calima culture, which existed in what is now modern-day Colombia between the 4th and 10th centuries AD. Calima jewelry is known for its intricate goldwork, featuring elaborate designs of animals, birds, human figures, and geometric patterns. Calima jewelry is highly valued for its historical and artistic significance.

A cameo is a type of jewelry carving that features a raised relief design against a contrasting background. Cameos are typically carved from materials such as shell, stone, or coral and often depict profiles of figures, scenes, or intricate patterns. Cameo jewelry has a rich history and is cherished for its intricate craftsmanship and artistic appeal.

A cameo ring features a carved gem or shell cameo as its focal point. These rings often showcase detailed and miniature works of art, making them popular in antique jewelry.

Cameo habillé, meaning "dressed cameo" in French, refers to a style of cameo carving where the carved figure is adorned with additional decorative elements. These elements can include gemstones, enamel, or other embellishments that enhance the cameo's design and make it more visually striking. Cameo habillé jewelry is highly detailed and luxurious in appearance.

Canary stone, also known as canary diamond, is a term used to describe yellow diamonds with a vivid and intense yellow color. These diamonds are highly prized for their vibrant hue and are often used as center stones in engagement rings or as focal points in high-end jewelry designs. Canary stones are a symbol of luxury and elegance.

A candy-twist link refers to a type of chain link in jewelry that has a twisted or spiral appearance, resembling the shape of a candy cane. This style of chain link adds visual interest and texture to a jewelry piece, often used in bracelets, necklaces, or anklets. The candy-twist link design can be created using various metals and can be combined with other chain styles for unique designs.

Cannetille is a decorative wirework technique used in jewelry making. It involves twisting and shaping fine wires into intricate designs, often forming floral or scroll patterns. Cannetille work is typically seen in antique or vintage jewelry, adding a delicate and ornate touch to the overall design. The term "cannetille" originates from the French word for "little reed."

The Canning Siren Jewel is a historic piece of jewelry that was created for Queen Elizabeth Canning, a notable figure in an 18th-century criminal case in England. The jewel is designed as a pendant and features a siren figure carved from hardstone, surrounded by diamonds and other gemstones. The Canning Siren Jewel represents a fascinating piece of historical jewelry.

The Canning Triton Jewel is another historic piece of jewelry associated with the Elizabeth Canning case in 18th-century England. This jewel, similar to the Canning Siren Jewel, features a triton figure carved from hardstone, adorned with diamonds and other gemstones. The Canning Triton Jewel is a remarkable example of historical jewelry craftsmanship and design.

A brooch that incorporates ancient coins from the Canterbury area in its design. It showcases the historical significance of the coins and serves as a decorative accessory.

A cross pendant inspired by the historical Canterbury Cross, which is associated with the city of Canterbury in England. It often features intricate detailing and is worn as a religious or decorative symbol.

A gemstone cut characterized by a flat top and a pavilion with a large number of facets. The crown of the stone is usually shaped like a hat or cap, hence the name.

A term historically used in diamond grading to describe stones with a yellowish tint. It refers to a color grade between K and Z on the GIA diamond color scale.

A colloquial term for quartz crystals found in Cape May, New Jersey. These crystals, despite the name, are not actual diamonds but are popularly used in jewelry and as decorative pieces.

Also known as Caradosso da Caravaggio, he was an Italian engraver and goldsmith of the Renaissance period. His works are highly regarded for their intricate designs and skillful craftsmanship.

A unit of measurement for gemstones, equal to 200 milligrams. It is used to measure the weight of diamonds and other precious stones.

An ear-ring design inspired by the caravel, a type of ship used during the Age of Exploration. It may feature nautical motifs or elements reminiscent of the caravel's structure.

A pendant design inspired by the caravel, a historical sailing ship. It often depicts the ship's silhouette or incorporates nautical symbols, serving as a decorative and symbolic accessory.

Historically, a term used to refer to a large red gemstone, often a garnet. The term is derived from the Latin word "carbunculus," meaning "small coal," and was associated with a deep red color.

A necklace or choker that closely fits around the neck, often featuring a tight band or multiple rows of beads or links. It is a close-fitting, statement piece of jewelry.

A ring historically associated with high-ranking Catholic cardinals. It is often a signet ring adorned with the cardinal's coat of arms or other symbols of authority and rank.

A caretaker is a person responsible for maintaining mining claims, overseeing activities, and ensuring compliance with regulations. Their role is crucial for sustainable and responsible mining practices.

A translucent to opaque reddish-brown variety of chalcedony, often used in jewelry. It is valued for its rich color and is associated with vitality, courage, and creativity.

Jewelry from the Carolingian period, which refers to the time of the Frankish Empire under the rule of the Carolingian dynasty (8th to 10th centuries). It often features intricate metalwork and gemstones.

A step cut used primarily for square or rectangular gemstones, featuring parallel rows of rectangular facets. The facets create a geometric, mirrored pattern that emphasizes clarity.

Refers to jewelry and other valuable artifacts discovered in archaeological excavations at the ancient city of Carthage, located in present-day Tunisia. These treasures offer insights into ancient cultures and craftsmanship.

A renowned jewelry and watchmaker company founded by Louis-François Cartier in Paris in 1847. It is known for its exquisite designs, fine craftsmanship, and association with luxury and elegance.

A term used to refer to a diamond that was once owned or worn by a member of the Cartier family or has a significant association with Cartier's history. It often represents exceptional quality and beauty.

A jewelry setting that features intricate carvings or engravings, often on the metal surrounding the gemstone. It adds detail and visual interest to the piece, enhancing its overall aesthetic.

The process of shaping or engraving a material, such as gemstone, wood, or metal, to create a decorative design or three-dimensional artwork. Carvings can range from simple motifs to intricate sculptures.

A type of bell-shaped pendant or charm that is often associated with Mexican culture and traditional jewelry.

An Italian goldsmith and jeweler known for his intricate and detailed work during the Renaissance period.

A brooch made by the Castellani family, an Italian jewelry dynasty known for their revival of ancient jewelry techniques and Etruscan-inspired designs.

An Italian jeweler and founder of the Castellani jewelry firm, which was active during the 19th century and known for its exceptional craftsmanship and revival of ancient jewelry styles.

An Italian jeweler and son of Alessandro Castellani, who continued the family jewelry business and further developed their signature style of Etruscan Revival jewelry.

A jewelry production technique that involves pouring molten metal, such as gold or silver, into a mold to create a desired shape. It is a commonly used method for mass-producing jewelry items.

The process of adding additional metal, usually by soldering, to an existing jewelry piece that has been created using the casting technique. It is used to enhance or repair the piece as needed.

In ancient Greek and Roman jewelry, small decorative elements that resemble twisted cords or knots and are often used as ornamental accents in jewelry design.

A component of a clasp or fastening mechanism in jewelry that provides a secure closure. It is typically a small metal plate or bar that fits into a corresponding opening to keep the jewelry in place.

A demi-parure is a set of matching jewelry pieces that are designed to be worn together, usually consisting of a necklace, earrings, and sometimes a bracelet or brooch.

A type of brooch that features a design resembling a wheel with radiating spokes, often adorned with gemstones or enamel. The name "Catherine wheel" refers to a firework that produces a spinning effect.

A gemstone, typically chrysoberyl, that exhibits a distinct optical phenomenon known as chatoyancy. It displays a narrow band of light that moves across the surface, resembling the eye of a cat.

An Italian goldsmith, sculptor, and artist during the Renaissance period, known for his exquisite craftsmanship and elaborate jewelry creations.

Jewelry created during the 19th century that drew inspiration from the ancient Celtic designs and craftsmanship, reflecting a renewed interest in Celtic culture and heritage.

A brooch influenced by Celtic or Gaelic designs, often featuring intricate knotwork, spirals, or other symbolic motifs associated with Celtic culture.

Jewelry that incorporates Celtic design elements, often inspired by the art, symbols, and traditions of the Celtic people.

A collection of jewelry and precious objects discovered in a cenotaph (a monument without the remains of the deceased) in India. The treasure includes elaborate gold and gemstone jewelry.

A pendant or charm depicting a centaur, a mythical creature with the upper body of a human and the lower body of a horse.

A decorative element in jewelry design that resembles the segmented body of a centipede, often used as an ornamental motif in Art Nouveau jewelry.

A casting technique where molten metal is poured into a rotating mold, using centrifugal force to distribute the metal and create a cast. It is commonly used for creating small or intricate jewelry pieces.

Jewelry made from ceramic materials such as porcelain or earthenware. It can be handcrafted or mass-produced and often features unique shapes, textures, and patterns.

A certificate is a document that verifies the quality and attributes of a gemstone. It provides crucial information for buyers and is issued by gemological laboratories.

Certified jewelry refers to pieces that have been assessed and authenticated by gemological experts, ensuring the accuracy of the gemstone's quality and characteristics.

A fibula is a decorative pin or brooch used to fasten garments. The Certosa fibula is a specific type of fibula inspired by the designs of the Certosa di Pavia, an Italian monastery.

Chrysolite is a term historically used for yellowish-green gemstones, often referring to peridot or olivine. Ceylon Chrysolite specifically refers to chrysolite gemstones from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon).

A diamond that originates from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). Ceylon diamonds are known for their high-quality and exceptional beauty.

Peridot gemstones from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). Ceylon peridot is highly valued for its vibrant green color and is known for its excellent clarity and brilliance.

Rubies from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). Ceylon rubies are highly regarded for their intense red color, often exhibiting a rich pinkish hue. They are prized gemstones in the world of jewelry.

A type of mineral or gemstone that originates from Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon). The term "Ceylonite" may refer to specific gems or minerals found in this region.

A piece of jewelry consisting of links connected in a sequential pattern, often worn around the neck, wrist, or ankle. Chains can be made from various materials such as gold, silver, or other metals.

A translucent to opaque variety of microcrystalline quartz, typically found in a range of colors. It is often used as a gemstone in jewelry and is prized for its smooth texture and subtle, milky appearance.

A term used to describe a type of chalcedony that exhibits banding or layers of different colors. It is often cut and polished into cabochons for use in jewelry.

A greenish-brown gemstone that is a variety of zircon. It is typically found in Mexico and is known for its distinct color and high refractive index, giving it excellent brilliance and fire.

A collection of ancient jewelry and artifacts discovered in Chalcis, an ancient Greek city. The hoard includes various jewelry pieces made of gold, silver, and other materials.

A type of diamond that exhibits color-changing properties, displaying different colors when viewed from different angles. It is a rare and highly valued variety of diamond.

A technique in metalwork and jewelry making where recessed areas are created on the surface of a metal object, which are then filled with enamel or other decorative materials.

A long, dangling earring style characterized by multiple tiers or layers of decorative elements that hang like a chandelier. It is often adorned with gemstones, beads, or intricate metalwork.

A setting technique commonly used in jewelry where gemstones are held in place by a continuous metal channel. The gemstones are set side by side, with the metal walls of the channel securing them in place.

The process of creating channels or grooves on the surface of a metal object, typically for decorative purposes. Channel work can be seen in various jewelry designs, adding texture and visual interest.

A metal tip or end piece, often decorative, that is attached to the end of a belt, strap, or similar item. In jewelry, chapes are sometimes used as decorative elements on bracelets, necklaces, or belts.

A decorative headband or circlet worn as a form of jewelry. It is often adorned with gemstones, beads, or other embellishments and is typically worn across the forehead or as a hair accessory.

A pendant, often in the form of a medallion or charm, worn as a symbol of charitable giving or to represent a charitable cause.

The crown associated with Charlemagne, the medieval ruler of the Carolingian Empire. It is a symbolic representation of his authority and sovereignty.

A container or shrine used to house relics associated with Charlemagne or other important religious figures.

Another term used to refer to the crown associated with Charlemagne.

Jewelry associated with Charles I, the monarch of England, Scotland, and Ireland in the 17th century.

A ring that belonged to Charles I of England, often used to refer to a specific ring associated with him and his reign.

A cameo depicting Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, often carved in relief on a gemstone or shell.

Jewelry associated with Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor, who ruled during the 16th century.

A small decorative item or trinket that is believed to bring good luck, protection, or other positive qualities to the wearer. Charms are often worn on bracelets or necklaces.

A bracelet adorned with multiple charms, often representing personal memories, interests, or beliefs.

A ring featuring a small charm or dangling element, adding decorative detail and movement to the design.

A metalworking technique in which a design is created by hammering or pressing into the surface of metal, creating raised or recessed patterns and textures.

A decorative belt hook or clasp worn at the waist, typically adorned with chains, from which small functional items or personal accessories such as keys or sewing tools are hung.

The hook or clasp component of a chatelaine, used to attach it to a garment or belt.

An emerald created in a laboratory by the Chatham Company, using a process known as the Chatham method.

A term often used to refer to a small, round gemstone or the setting designed to hold such a gemstone.

The optical phenomenon exhibited by certain gemstones, where a band of light appears to move across the surface of the stone as it is viewed from different angles.

Describes a gemstone that exhibits chatoyancy, appearing to have a band of light that moves across its surface.

A series of small, irregular, and often overlapping marks or lines on a metal surface, typically caused by a tool or machinery during the fabrication process.

A jewelry firm founded by Marie-Étienne Nitot in Paris in 1780, known for its exquisite jewelry designs and craftsmanship.

Jewelry created by the ancient Chavín civilization, known for its intricate designs and use of materials such as gold, silver, and semi-precious stones.

A French term for a specific type of chain called "forçat chain." It is a classic chain design consisting of small, uniformly shaped links connected in a repeating pattern.

A collection of jewelry and gemstones discovered in 1912 in Cheapside, London. The hoard contains over 400 pieces, including rings, brooches, and necklaces, dating back to the late 16th and early 17th centuries.

Small decorative objects, often in the form of miniature figures, produced by the Chelsea porcelain factory in the 18th century. These toys were popular collectibles and were used for display or as decorative accessories.

Also known as "railroad jewelry," it refers to jewelry made popular during the late 19th and early 20th centuries that featured enameled or engraved motifs associated with railroads, such as train tracks, locomotives, or railway symbols.

A decorative element in jewelry design, often seen as a raised ridge or channel along the edge of a gemstone or metal setting. Cheniers can enhance the visual appeal and provide additional structural support to the setting.

A variety of opal that exhibits a vivid reddish-orange to deep red color, resembling the color of cherries. It is known for its play of color, which refers to the flashes of iridescent hues that opal can display when viewed from different angles.

A blue variety of chalcedony, also known as blue chert or banded agate. It is characterized by its banded or striped appearance, typically in shades of blue. Chessylite is often used for decorative purposes, including in jewelry and ornamental objects.

A Christian symbol representing the first two letters (chi and rho) of the Greek word "Christos" (Christ). It is often depicted as the superimposed letters "X" and "P" and has been used in various forms of Christian art, including jewelry and religious artifacts.

A variety of andalusite gemstone that exhibits a distinctive cross-shaped pattern when viewed in cross-section. Chiastolite is often cut and polished to highlight its cross-shaped inclusions, making it a popular choice for jewelry and ornamental purposes.

A type of jade that features a creamy white color with brown or reddish-brown markings, resembling the appearance of chicken bones. It is a popular variety of jade used in carving and jewelry making due to its unique and attractive coloration.

A natural pearl formed within the shell of the freshwater mussel Margaritifera margaritifera. Chicot pearls are known for their irregular shapes and unique colors, ranging from white to various shades of gray and blue. They are valued for their natural beauty.

A collection of jewelry and gold artifacts discovered in the tomb of Childeric I, a Frankish king who ruled in the 5th century. The treasure includes gold and gemstone-adorned items, such as brooches, buckles, and weapons, showcasing the craftsmanship of the time.

Jewelry produced in Chile, showcasing the artistic traditions and cultural heritage of the region. Chilean jewelry can feature a variety of styles, materials, and techniques, influenced by indigenous cultures, Spanish colonial influences, and contemporary design trends.

Jewelry created by the Chimú civilization, an ancient culture that flourished in what is now Peru from the 9th to the 15th century. Chimú jewelry is known for its intricate metalwork, featuring gold, silver, and other precious materials, often depicting religious and symbolic motifs.

A variety of chrysoberyl that displays a cat's-eye effect, also known as chatoyancy. It exhibits a bright, narrow band of light that appears to glide across the surface when the stone is moved or viewed from different angles, resembling the eye of a cat.

A technique used in jewelry-making where holes are drilled through gemstones or beads to facilitate stringing and setting. Chinese drilled beads are known for their uniformity and precision, allowing for easy and secure attachment in jewelry designs.

Jade gemstone originating from China, known for its cultural significance and artistic value. Chinese jade has been used for thousands of years to create jewelry, decorative objects, and ceremonial artifacts, representing luck, prosperity, and spiritual qualities.

Jewelry produced in China, reflecting the rich heritage and diverse artistic traditions of the country. Chinese jewelry encompasses a wide range of styles, materials, and techniques, influenced by cultural, historical, and regional factors throughout Chinese history.

A decorative style characterized by Chinese-inspired motifs and designs, often incorporating elements such as landscapes, pagodas, floral patterns, and figures in Western art, furniture, and decorative arts. Chinoiserie became popular in Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries.

A small, flat, and irregularly shaped piece or fragment of a gemstone or material. Chips are commonly used in jewelry making, either individually or collectively, to create textured or layered designs, or as embellishments in various types of jewelry.

Chip-carving is a woodworking technique that involves the removal of small chips or carvings from the surface of wood or other materials, creating intricate designs or patterns.

Chiriquí jewelry refers to the distinctive style of jewelry crafted by the indigenous Chiriquí people of the Chiriquí region in Panama. It often features intricate metalwork and intricate designs influenced by their cultural heritage.

Chlorastrolite, also known as Isle Royale Greenstone or the "greenstone of Michigan," is a rare greenish-brown variety of garnet that is typically found in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA. It is often used in jewelry and is prized for its unique color and pattern.

Chloromelanite is a dark green to black variety of melanite garnet. It is known for its opaque appearance and is often used in jewelry as a black gemstone. It can exhibit a vitreous luster and is valued for its rich color and durability.

Chlorospinel is a green variety of spinel, a gemstone that comes in various colors. It is valued for its vibrant green color and can range from pale to dark green. It is often used as a gemstone in jewelry and is prized for its brilliance and durability.

A choker is a type of necklace that is worn close to the neck. It typically features a band or chain that encircles the neck snugly, creating a fashionable and elegant look. Chokers can be made of various materials, such as metals, beads, or fabric, and they come in different styles and designs.

A Christian amulet is a piece of jewelry or a small object that holds religious significance for Christians. It is often worn or carried as a form of personal devotion or as a symbol of faith. Christian amulets can feature religious symbols, such as crosses, saints, or biblical inscriptions, and are believed to provide protection or bring blessings to the wearer.

Chromdiopside is a chromium-rich variety of diopside, a mineral that belongs to the pyroxene group. It is known for its vibrant green color, which is attributed to the presence of chromium. Chromdiopside is often used as a gemstone and is valued for its intense color and high clarity.

Chrome tourmaline is a variety of tourmaline gemstone that exhibits a green color due to the presence of chromium. It is valued for its vivid green hue and can range from light to dark shades. Chrome tourmaline is highly regarded in the gemstone market and is often faceted for use in jewelry.

Chromium, also known as chrome, is a metallic element commonly used in various industries, including jewelry. It is valued for its hardness, corrosion resistance, and lustrous appearance. In jewelry, chromium is often used as a plating material to provide a shiny, reflective surface or as an alloying element in metal compositions to enhance properties such as durability and resistance to tarnish.

Chryselephantine refers to a sculpture or artwork made with a combination of gold (chryso-) and ivory (-elephantine) elements. This technique was popular in ancient civilizations, particularly in ancient Greece and Egypt, where gold was used for precious details and ivory for depicting intricate figures or forms. Chryselephantine works are highly prized for their craftsmanship and artistic value.

Chrysoberyl is a gemstone that is known for its yellow or green color. It is a durable and lustrous mineral that belongs to the beryl family. Chrysoberyl can exhibit various optical phenomena, such as chatoyancy (cat's-eye effect) or asterism (star effect), depending on its cut and composition. It is often used in jewelry, particularly as gemstones in rings, earrings, and pendants.

Chrysocolla is a blue-green mineral that is often used as a gemstone or ornamental material. It is a hydrated copper silicate mineral that can display vibrant shades of blue, green, or turquoise. Chrysocolla is prized for its attractive colors and unique patterns, which can resemble swirling ocean waves or abstract designs. It is commonly used in jewelry, carvings, and decorative objects.

Chrysolite is a term used to describe various yellow gemstones or yellowish-green gemstones. It can refer to different minerals, including peridot, chrysoberyl, and olivine, which exhibit yellow or greenish-yellow hues. Chrysolite gemstones are often valued for their bright and cheerful colors and are used in a variety of jewelry designs.

Chrysopal, also known as prase opal, is a transparent yellowish-green variety of chalcedony. It is characterized by its delicate color and translucency, which can range from pale yellow-green to deeper shades of green. Chrysopal is treasured for its soft, soothing appearance and is often used in jewelry, particularly for pendants, earrings, and beads.

Chrysoprase is a bright green variety of chalcedony, a type of cryptocrystalline quartz. It is known for its apple-green color, which can vary in intensity. Chrysoprase is valued for its attractive hue and translucency and is often used in jewelry, carved into beads, cabochons, or carved ornaments. It is considered a desirable gemstone for its vibrant color and association with vitality and abundance.

A chute, à la, necklace is a type of necklace that sits close to the throat or collarbone area. It is characterized by a short length, typically made of multiple strands or a chain, and is designed to emphasize the neckline. Chute, à la, necklaces can be made with various materials, such as precious metals, gemstones, or beads, and are often used to complement elegant or formal attire.

Cinnamon stone is a term used to describe a reddish-brown gemstone that resembles the color of cinnamon spice. It can refer to different minerals, including garnet, jasper, or sard, that exhibit warm, earthy tones of brown, red, or orange. Cinnamon stone is often used in jewelry as cabochons, beads, or carvings and is appreciated for its rich and inviting color.

A circlet is a small circular band or crown-like ornament that is worn on the head or as a bracelet around the wrist. It is typically made of metal, such as gold or silver, and may be adorned with gemstones, engravings, or decorative motifs. Circlets have been used throughout history as ceremonial or decorative accessories, often associated with royalty, weddings, or special occasions.

Cire Perdue, also known as the lost-wax casting technique, is a method used in jewelry making and sculpture to create metal objects. It involves the creation of a wax model, which is then encased in a mold, heated, and the wax is melted away, leaving a cavity. Molten metal is then poured into the cavity to create the final piece. Cire Perdue allows for intricate and detailed designs to be replicated in metal and is prized for its ability to capture fine details and nuances.

Ciselé is a decorative technique in jewelry where the surface is finely engraved or chiseled with intricate patterns or designs, adding a detailed and textured appearance to the piece. It requires skilled craftsmanship and attention to detail to achieve the desired effect.

Citrine is a variety of quartz known for its vibrant yellow to amber hues. It is a popular gemstone choice for its warm and sunny color, often used in jewelry to add a touch of brightness and warmth to the design.

The Cividale Reliquary is a historical artifact associated with the town of Cividale del Friuli in Italy. It is a container or shrine used for holding relics or sacred objects, representing the rich religious and cultural heritage of the region.

A claim refers to an area where mineral rights are staked for mining purposes. Miners obtain claims to explore and extract valuable minerals and gemstones.

Clam pearls are unique pearls formed inside the soft tissue of certain species of clams. They exhibit various colors and often have irregular shapes, offering a distinctive and natural allure to jewelry designs.

The Clare Reliquary is a specific reliquary associated with the town of Clare in Ireland. It serves as a testament to the historical and religious significance of the region, providing a glimpse into the rich cultural heritage of Ireland.

Clarity measures the degree of imperfections or inclusions in a gemstone. Gemologists assess clarity to determine the stone's purity and overall visual appeal.

Clarity grading is the process of evaluating the visual appearance and quality of gemstones or diamonds based on their internal and external characteristics. It involves assessing factors such as the presence of inclusions or blemishes, transparency, and overall visual clarity of the stone.

A clasp is a device used in jewelry to fasten or secure a piece, such as a necklace, bracelet, or chain. It provides a functional and secure closure while also adding aesthetic appeal to the jewelry design.

Classical jewelry refers to designs, styles, and motifs inspired by the art and aesthetics of ancient Greece and Rome. It often incorporates elements such as intricate filigree work, mythological symbols, and architectural motifs, capturing the timeless beauty and elegance of classical civilizations.

Classical style refers to artistic and design principles inspired by the classical period of ancient Greece and Rome. It embraces characteristics such as harmony, balance, proportion, and symmetry, and is often associated with timeless elegance and sophistication in various art forms, including jewelry.

Claw setting is a popular technique used in jewelry to secure gemstones. It involves using metal claws or prongs that grip the gemstone, holding it securely in place while allowing maximum exposure of the stone's facets to enhance its brilliance and sparkle.

In the context of gemstones, clean refers to the absence of visible inclusions or blemishes. A clean gemstone is one that appears free from any noticeable imperfections when viewed with the naked eye, enhancing its overall clarity and desirability.

Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral or gemstone to break along certain planes of weakness, producing smooth, flat surfaces. This property is important in gem cutting and shaping as it influences the way a stone can be cut and the quality of the resulting facets.

Cleaving is the deliberate process of splitting a gemstone along its natural cleavage planes to create multiple pieces or facets. It requires skill and precision to ensure clean breaks and to yield desirable shapes and sizes of gemstones for use in jewelry.

A Cleopatra Bracelet is a distinctive type of bracelet associated with the iconic Egyptian queen Cleopatra. It often features a wide band or cuff design with intricate metalwork and gemstones, embodying the opulence and regal allure of ancient Egyptian jewelry.

A Cleopatra Pendant is a pendant or necklace charm inspired by the iconic Egyptian queen Cleopatra. It often showcases a portrait or profile of Cleopatra and may be adorned with gemstones, reflecting the captivating beauty and allure of this legendary historical figure.

A clip is a fastening mechanism used to secure earrings, brooches, or other jewelry items. It typically involves a hinged or spring-loaded mechanism that allows the clip to be opened and closed easily, providing a practical and secure method of attachment.

A cloak fastener is a decorative item used to secure or fasten a cloak or cape around the wearer's shoulders. It often takes the form of a brooch, pin, or clasp, adding a touch of elegance and functionality to outerwear and historical costume designs.

Cloison is a French term used in jewelry to describe a technique where thin metal wires are used to create compartments or cells that are filled with enamel or gemstones. This technique results in a distinctive and colorful design, often seen in cloisonné jewelry pieces.

Cloisonné is an ancient decorative technique involving the creation of compartments or cells on a metal surface using thin metal wires or strips. These compartments are then filled with colored enamel, resulting in vibrant and intricate designs that can be seen in jewelry, ornaments, and decorative objects.

Cloisonné inlay is a technique where cloisonné enamel is used to fill the recessed areas or channels created by metalwork in a jewelry piece. It adds a colorful and textural element to the design, combining the beauty of metalwork and enamel craftsmanship in a single piece.

A Clonmacnois Pin refers to a decorative pin or brooch associated with the early Christian period in Ireland, particularly Clonmacnois. These pins typically feature intricate Celtic designs and were often used as symbols of status or religious significance.

Closed culet refers to a diamond or gemstone cut where the bottom of the stone is flat instead of pointed. This cut style is known for its unique appearance and can contribute to the overall brilliance and light reflection of the stone.

Closed setting is a type of gemstone setting where the stone is completely enclosed by the metal, providing maximum protection. This setting style is commonly used for precious gemstones and can enhance the security and durability of the stone.

Cloud Agate is a variety of agate with cloud-like patterns, often featuring layers of different colors and translucency. This unique appearance is highly sought after in jewelry design, and each stone displays its own captivating and organic patterns.

A cluster is a jewelry piece featuring multiple gems set closely together, creating a visually intricate and vibrant design. It showcases a harmonious arrangement of gemstones.

A cluster brooch is a brooch composed of multiple gemstones or decorative elements grouped closely together in a clustered design. This style of brooch creates a visually striking and vibrant display of gemstones, making it a popular choice for formal occasions and statement jewelry.

A cluster ring is a ring featuring a cluster of smaller gemstones or diamonds arranged closely together in a cluster design. This ring style creates a stunning focal point and can showcase the brilliance and sparkle of multiple gemstones, adding a touch of glamour to any outfit.

Cluster setting is a setting style where multiple gemstones or diamonds are arranged closely together in a cluster formation. This setting technique maximizes the use of gemstones and creates a visually impactful display of brilliance and color, often seen in rings, pendants, and earrings.

A coated stone refers to a gemstone or crystal that has been treated with a thin layer of coating or film to enhance its appearance. This coating can alter the color, luster, or transparency of the stone, resulting in unique visual effects and improved durability.

Coating is a gemstone treatment that involves enhancing its appearance with a thin layer of substances. This process can affect the stone's color, durability, and overall aesthetic.

Cobalt glass is a type of glass made with cobalt oxide, producing a deep blue color. This vibrant blue hue gives cobalt glass a distinctive and captivating appeal, making it a popular choice for decorative objects, jewelry, and art pieces.

A cock pendant is a pendant or charm in the shape of a rooster or cockerel, often symbolizing courage or good fortune. This type of pendant can be crafted from various materials and serves as a decorative and symbolic accessory.

A cocktail ring is a large, bold ring usually featuring a prominent gemstone or a cluster of gemstones. This type of ring is designed to make a statement and is often worn for special occasions or as a glamorous accessory to complement elegant attire.

A cocktail watch is a stylish and ornate wristwatch, often featuring decorative elements such as gemstones, intricate patterns, or elaborate designs. Originally designed to be worn with evening attire, cocktail watches exude elegance and sophistication, serving as both a functional timepiece and a fashion accessory.

Coclé jewelry refers to jewelry created by the Coclé culture of ancient Panama. Known for their intricate goldwork and artistic designs, Coclé jewelry showcases the craftsmanship and cultural expression of this pre-Columbian civilization, often featuring motifs inspired by nature, animals, and geometric patterns.

A coconut pearl refers to a type of pearl formed within a coconut shell. These pearls are usually small in size and exhibit a unique natural shape, often resembling irregular beads or nuggets. Their organic and rustic appearance adds a distinctive touch to jewelry designs.

A coiled ring is a ring design featuring a coiled or spiral band. Symbolizing eternity or continuity, this style of ring is often crafted with metal wire or bands that wrap around the finger in an elegant and decorative manner, creating a sense of movement and fluidity.

A coin bracelet is a bracelet adorned with coins, either genuine historical coins or decorative replicas, linked together. This style of bracelet combines historical significance with jewelry design, offering a unique and personalized accessory that can reflect cultural heritage or personal interests.

A coin pendant is a pendant featuring a coin, either an authentic historical coin or a replica, used as a decorative element. These pendants showcase the artistry and historical value of coins, transforming them into wearable pieces of jewelry that capture the charm and allure of ancient currency.

A coin ring is a ring featuring a coin, either an actual coin or a replica, set into the design of the ring. This style of ring allows the coin to be displayed prominently, often serving as the centerpiece or focal point, showcasing the coin's design and historical significance.

A coin watch is a pocket or wristwatch that incorporates a coin into its design, often as the case or dial of the timepiece. These watches blend horology with numismatics, combining the functionality of a timekeeping device with the aesthetic appeal and historical value of a coin.

The Colenso Diamond is a notable diamond discovered in 1884 in South Africa, weighing 308 carats in its rough state. This large and remarkable diamond showcases exceptional clarity and brilliance, and its historical significance adds to its allure as a coveted gemstone.

Hans Collaert the Elder was a Flemish engraver and print publisher known for his intricate engravings and etchings. He produced numerous works depicting mythological and allegorical scenes, as well as portraits and ornamental designs.

A decorative necklace or band worn around the neck. Collars can be made from various materials and come in different styles, such as chain link collars, beaded collars, or choker collars.

A pin or brooch used to secure a collar in place. Collar pins can be ornamental and feature decorative designs or motifs. They are often worn as accessories with formal or professional attire.

A type of setting used to hold a gemstone or other precious object securely in place. It consists of a metal rim or band that surrounds and secures the stone, leaving the top exposed.

A necklace that features a series of collet-set gemstones or other decorative elements. The collet setting allows the stones to be prominently displayed and creates a cohesive design along the length of the necklace.

A type of gemstone setting where the stone is held in place by a metal rim or band that surrounds the stone's girdle. This setting style allows maximum light exposure to the stone and provides a secure hold.

A method of soldering or joining metal pieces using a colloid, which is a stable suspension of solid particles in a liquid. Colloid hard-soldering is often used in jewelry making to create strong and durable connections between metal components.

Jewelry made in Colombia, known for its vibrant and colorful designs. Colombian jewelry often incorporates traditional motifs and techniques, showcasing the country's rich cultural heritage.

Refers to the visual perception of different wavelengths of light. In the context of gemstones and jewelry, the term "colour" relates to the hue, tone, and saturation of a gemstone or precious metal. Colour can greatly affect the value and aesthetic appeal of a piece of jewelry.

The process of enhancing or altering the colour of gemstones through various treatments, such as heat treatment, irradiation, or coating. Colouring treatments can be applied to gemstones to improve their colour intensity or change their hue.

The process of applying different colours to metal surfaces through techniques such as plating, patination, or enamelwork. Colouring metals allows for creative and decorative effects, enhancing the visual appeal of jewelry or metalwork.

A hair accessory used to hold and style the hair. Combs can be made from various materials, such as plastic, metal, or precious metals, and come in different sizes and designs. They often feature decorative elements like gemstones or intricate carvings.

A type of fibula, or ancient brooch, that resembles a comb in shape. Comb fibulae were commonly used in ancient Roman and Byzantine cultures to fasten garments. They feature a comb-like structure with teeth or prongs that secure the pin in place.

Jewelry created to commemorate a specific event, person, or milestone. Commemorative jewelry can be personalized and often features symbols, dates, or inscriptions that hold sentimental or historical significance.

A ring designed to commemorate a particular occasion, such as a wedding, anniversary, or achievement. These rings are often personalized with engravings, gemstones, or motifs that hold personal or symbolic meaning for the wearer.

A technique of inlaying different materials, such as precious or semi-precious stones, marble, or glass, into a decorative design. Commesso work is often used in jewelry, creating intricate patterns or scenes with contrasting colors and textures.

A type of opal that lacks the play-of-color exhibited by precious opals. Common opals typically display a single color or a milky appearance, and they can come in various hues. While they may not exhibit the vibrant play-of-color, they can still possess unique beauty and are used in jewelry and lapidary arts.

A type of ring that features a central design resembling a compass rose or a compass dial. This design may be purely decorative or can include functional elements, such as a working compass or directional markings. Compass rings are often associated with nautical or exploration themes.

A brooch composed of multiple smaller elements or materials arranged in a cohesive design. The elements can include gemstones, beads, shells, or other decorative items, which are combined to create a visually appealing and dynamic brooch.

A synthetic or composite material made by combining small fragments or chips of natural stone or minerals with a binding agent. The resulting composite stone can be shaped and polished to resemble natural gemstones or used as an alternative material in jewelry making.

A jewelry set consisting of multiple pieces designed to be worn together, typically including a necklace, earrings, bracelet, and ring.

A rare and highly prized type of pearl formed by the queen conch mollusk, known for its vibrant coloration and unique flame-like pattern.

A Native American belt made of conch shells, traditionally worn as a decorative accessory and a symbol of cultural heritage and identity.

Conflict minerals are materials sourced from regions that are free from armed conflict and human rights abuses. Ethical sourcing aims to ensure that the extraction benefits local communities positively.

Conflict-free materials in jewelry come from ethical and responsible sources, ensuring they are free from involvement in armed conflicts or human rights abuses.

A ring worn as a symbol of religious or spiritual consecration, often featuring intricate engravings or symbols significant to the wearer's faith.

Consignment in jewelry refers to the practice of selling pieces through a third party, where the seller retains ownership until the item is sold. It's a common approach in the jewelry market.

Contemporary jewelry represents modern and current styles in design, often characterized by innovative materials, techniques, and artistic expressions. It reflects current fashion trends and artistic movements.

Jewelry designed and created in the present time, reflecting modern aesthetics, innovative techniques, and current fashion trends.

John Paul Cooper was an influential American jewelry designer known for his Art Nouveau and Arts and Crafts style pieces, characterized by intricate metalwork and incorporation of gemstones.

Copal is a type of fossilized tree resin often used in jewelry-making, appreciated for its warm hues, organic appearance, and potential for preserving insects and other plant and animal materials.

Copaline refers to amber-like resins that are not fully fossilized, displaying a range of colors and translucency. It is valued for its natural beauty and ability to be carved into various shapes for jewelry and ornamental purposes.

Copper, with its reddish-brown color, is a malleable and ductile metal frequently used in jewelry-making. It adds warmth and rustic charm to jewelry designs, and its versatile nature allows for various artistic techniques and finishes.

Coptic jewelry refers to the jewelry made by the Coptic Christians of Egypt, showcasing intricate designs influenced by ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Byzantine art. It often incorporates religious symbols and motifs, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of the Coptic community.

Coque de perle, a French term meaning "pearl shell," refers to a style of jewelry that features pearls as the primary decorative element. It often includes intricate settings and designs that highlight the lustrous beauty of pearls, creating elegant and sophisticated pieces.

Coral is a marine organism's skeletal structure often used in jewelry for its vibrant colors and natural texture. It is associated with themes of vitality and protection and adds a unique organic element to jewelry designs.

Coral limestone, composed of coral fragments, is a type of stone often used for decorative purposes in jewelry. It displays a mix of coral-like patterns and sedimentary layers, creating a visually interesting and texturally appealing material.

A cord chain is a necklace chain made of interwoven cords or threads, offering a versatile and lightweight option for jewelry. It can be styled with various pendants and charms, adding a casual and bohemian touch to an outfit.

Cordelière, a French term meaning "cord" or "ribbon," is a decorative cord or ribbon used in jewelry and fashion accessories. It can be adorned with gemstones, beads, or metalwork, adding a unique and fashionable accent to necklaces, bracelets, and other adornments.

Cordierite, also known as iolite, is a gemstone admired for its pleochroic properties, displaying different colors when viewed from different angles. Its hues range from violet-blue to grayish-blue, and it is often cut into faceted gemstones or cabochons for jewelry.

Cornelian, an orange-red variety of chalcedony, is a popular gemstone used in jewelry. It is known for its warm and inviting color, and its smooth surface makes it suitable for a wide range of jewelry designs, from cabochon-set rings to intricately carved cameos.

Cornelian agate is a type of agate featuring bands of cornelian and other colors, creating a captivating striped or banded appearance. Its distinct patterns and color combinations make it a sought-after gemstone for jewelry, particularly in unique cabochon or bead designs.

Corneol is an alternate term for cornelian, which refers to the orange-red variety of chalcedony. It shares the same properties as cornelian, including its rich color and suitability for a variety of jewelry styles and settings.

Cornish diamond is a historical term used to describe rock crystal quartz, which, although not a diamond, shares a similar clarity and brilliance. It was commonly used as a gemstone substitute during periods when diamonds were scarce or unattainable.

A decorative headpiece resembling a crown worn by royalty or nobility, typically featuring intricate metalwork, gemstones, or other ornamental elements. It symbolizes power, authority, and prestige, often worn during special occasions or as a ceremonial accessory.

A ring specifically designed and worn to commemorate a coronation ceremony of a monarch or ruler. It is typically crafted with exquisite detailing, incorporating royal symbols, gemstones, or engravings that symbolize the significance and grandeur of the event.

A small crown or headpiece worn by nobility or as a symbol of rank or authority. It often features delicate metalwork, gemstones, or motifs that represent the wearer's social status or family lineage, serving as a regal adornment and a symbol of power and prestige.

A type of gemstone setting that resembles a small crown or tiara, featuring multiple prongs or bezels to hold gemstones in place. It creates an elegant and regal look, enhancing the beauty and prominence of the gemstones, often seen in fine jewelry pieces for special occasions.

A jewel or piece of jewelry offered as a votive offering to express gratitude or seek divine favor, inspired by the practices of ancient civilizations. The term refers to jewelry pieces associated with Hernán Cortés, the Spanish conquistador, who often made such offerings during his conquests.

A hard mineral consisting of aluminum oxide, often used as a gemstone. It includes notable varieties such as ruby and sapphire, known for their vibrant colors and exceptional hardness, making them highly sought after in the world of gemstones and jewelry.

A decorative jewelry motif resembling a pea pod, often used in jewelry design. It features textured or sculpted metalwork that mimics the natural shape and appearance of a pea pod, bringing a touch of organic elegance and whimsy to jewelry creations.

Jewelry crafted in or inspired by the artistic traditions of Costa Rica, known for its vibrant colors and nature-inspired motifs. It reflects the rich cultural heritage of the region, incorporating elements such as indigenous designs, tropical flora and fauna, and traditional craftsmanship.

Fashion jewelry made with inexpensive materials and imitation gemstones, designed to complement or mimic high-end jewelry without the same level of craftsmanship or value. It offers an accessible and affordable way to accessorize with trendy and stylish pieces for various occasions.

A type of armlet or bracelet worn on the upper arm, often decorated with gemstones or intricate metalwork. It adds a touch of elegance and allure to the arm, making it a statement accessory that can be worn on its own or layered with other bracelets for a stylish and distinctive look.

A technique in enameling where a layer of enamel is applied to the reverse side of a piece to strengthen and stabilize the enamel on the front. It ensures the durability and longevity of the enamel work, as well as enhances the visual appeal by providing a smooth and polished backing.

An imitation or replica of a genuine piece of jewelry, often made to deceive buyers into believing it is an authentic and valuable item. Counterfeit jewelry can mimic the design, materials, and appearance of the original, but lacks the craftsmanship, quality, and intrinsic value of the genuine article.

A type of finger ring with a movable central section, typically engraved with a floral or geometric pattern, originating from Coventry, England. It showcases a unique mechanism that allows the central part of the ring to rotate or spin, adding an element of surprise and interactivity to the design.

The shell of a type of marine snail known as a cowrie, often used as a decorative element in jewelry or as currency in certain cultures. It holds cultural significance as a symbol of wealth, fertility, protection, or spirituality, and its smooth, glossy surface lends a touch of natural beauty to jewelry creations.

A decorative effect created by deliberately cracking the surface of a material, such as glass or porcelain, to give it an aged or distressed appearance. It adds a unique texture and visual interest to jewelry designs, reminiscent of weathered antique pieces or organic formations found in nature.

A type of ring with an adjustable band or shank, often designed to be worn on the thumb or as a protective charm. It features a mechanism that allows the wearer to expand or contract the ring's size to ensure a comfortable fit, making it versatile and suitable for various finger sizes or wearing preferences.

A gemstone setting technique that uses metal prongs or bars to hold a gemstone securely in place. It is commonly seen in cluster or multi-stone jewelry designs, where several gemstones are set closely together to create a dazzling and intricate arrangement, often enhancing the brilliance and overall impact of the piece.

A decorative pin or brooch worn to fasten a cravat, necktie, or scarf, typically featuring intricate designs or gemstone embellishments. It adds a touch of refinement and individuality to formal attire, serving as a stylish accessory that complements the wearer's personal style and adds a focal point to the ensemble.

A type of hoop earring with a continuous circular shape, often worn by people in the Caribbean and Latin America. It symbolizes cultural heritage and identity, offering a timeless and versatile accessory that can be dressed up or down, making it a staple piece in many jewelry collections.

A brooch designed in the shape of a crescent moon, often adorned with gemstones or decorative elements, symbolizing femininity and celestial beauty.

A decorative metal plate featuring crimped or serrated edges, crafted to add texture and visual interest to jewelry or decorative objects.

Crocidolite is a fibrous form of the mineral riebeckite, prized for its unique chatoyant or cat's-eye effect caused by fibrous inclusions. It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and valued for its captivating appearance.

Croix de Saint Lô is a type of cross pendant associated with the French town of Saint Lô. These pendants often feature intricate metalwork, gemstone accents, and elaborate detailing, making them prized jewelry pieces that evoke historical and cultural significance.

Croix à la Jeannette is a French term referring to a cross pendant with a loop on the back, allowing it to be easily hung on a necklace or chain. This style of cross pendant offers a versatile and elegant accessory for religious or decorative purposes.

The cross is a universally recognized religious symbol representing Christian faith and devotion. It is formed by two intersecting lines, with the vertical line symbolizing the divine and the horizontal line symbolizing the earthly realm, serving as a reminder of Christ's sacrifice and redemption. The cross is commonly worn as jewelry or displayed in religious settings.

Cross cut refers to a gemstone cut that features a cross-shaped pattern on the surface. This cutting style enhances the gem's brilliance and adds a distinctive visual element, making it a popular choice for creating unique and eye-catching jewelry pieces.

Cross facet refers to a facet cut into the surface of a gemstone in the shape of a cross. This type of facet adds depth, sparkle, and visual interest to the gemstone, enhancing its overall beauty and brilliance. Cross facets are commonly found in gemstone cuts such as brilliant cuts or fancy cuts.

Cross formée, also known as formy cross, is a style of cross pendant with arms that widen towards the ends, resembling the shape of a fleur-de-lis. This elegant and decorative design offers a unique twist to the traditional cross symbol, infusing it with artistic flair and symbolism.

The Cross of Carlo de’ Medici is a historic diamond cross pendant that once belonged to Carlo de’ Medici, a member of the influential Medici family during the Renaissance. This exquisite jewelry piece showcases intricate craftsmanship, precious diamonds, and rich historical provenance, representing the opulence and cultural significance of the Medici era.

Cross pattée, also known as paty cross, is a type of cross with arms that widen towards the ends, resembling the shape of a spearhead. This cross design is often associated with military and knightly orders, and it carries historical and symbolic connotations of honor, chivalry, and courage.

Cross rose cut refers to a gemstone cut in the shape of a cross, featuring multiple triangular facets radiating from a central point. This cut style creates a distinct cross pattern on the gemstone's surface, accentuating its sparkle and adding a unique touch to jewelry designs.

Cross stone refers to a gemstone that naturally forms in the shape of a cross. These rare and intriguing gemstones are cherished for their distinctive cross-shaped inclusions, which add a spiritual and symbolic element to the gem's beauty. Cross stones are prized by collectors and jewelry enthusiasts for their unique and meaningful appearance.

Crossbow fibula is a type of fibula or brooch that resembles a crossbow. Originating from ancient Roman and medieval times, this jewelry piece was used to fasten garments. Crossbow fibulae are valued not only for their functional purpose but also for their historical significance and intricate craftsmanship.

A crossover ring is a ring design that features two or more bands crossing over each other, creating an intertwined or overlapping effect. This style of ring offers a modern and stylish look, symbolizing unity, connection, or the intertwining of paths in life or relationships. Crossover rings are popular choices for both everyday wear and special occasions.

A crown is a symbolic headpiece worn by royalty or used to decorate ceremonial objects. It typically represents authority, power, and sovereignty. Crowns can be crafted from various precious materials, adorned with gemstones, and feature intricate designs that reflect the culture, period, or style in which they were created. They are significant symbols of nobility, leadership, and regality.

The Crown Jewels of the British monarchy are a collection of regalia and treasures that hold immense historical, cultural, and national significance. They include crowns, scepters, orbs, ceremonial swords, and other precious items that are used in royal ceremonies and state occasions. The Crown Jewels serve as a tangible representation of the monarchy's continuity, power, and heritage, attracting millions of visitors who admire their beauty and historical value.

The Crown Jewels of Iran represent the opulence and grandeur of the Iranian monarchy. This extraordinary collection includes crowns, thrones, tiaras, jewelry sets, and ceremonial objects, all adorned with an abundance of precious gemstones, such as diamonds, emeralds, rubies, and pearls. The Crown Jewels of Iran are regarded as national treasures, symbolizing the country's rich history, cultural heritage, and royal legacy.

The Crown of the Andes is a renowned colonial-era crown made of gold and adorned with emeralds and other gemstones. It was crafted by skilled artisans in South America and used in religious processions and ceremonies. The Crown of the Andes is a masterpiece of artistry and religious devotion, attracting admirers from around the world who appreciate its intricate craftsmanship and historical significance.

A popular gemstone setting style that features a series of prongs or claws arranged in a circular pattern, resembling a crown. This setting securely holds the gemstone while allowing maximum light penetration for enhanced brilliance and sparkle.

A pendant that depicts the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, typically showcasing a cross with a figure of Christ. This religious symbol is often worn as a sign of faith and devotion, serving as a reminder of Christian beliefs.

A fibula, or ancient brooch, designed in the shape of a cross. These decorative pins were used in various cultures to fasten garments and were often adorned with intricate patterns or symbols.

A pendant featuring a cross-shaped design, which can range from simple and minimalistic to ornate and detailed. This pendant style is commonly worn as a religious symbol or a fashion accessory with symbolic significance.

A ring that incorporates a cross-shaped element in its design, often representing religious or spiritual themes. This ring style can feature a cross as the centerpiece or integrate cross motifs in its decorative elements.

A tiny bead, usually rounded in shape, that is commonly used in jewelry-making projects. These small beads are often used as accents, spacers, or for adding texture and detail to jewelry designs.

A naturally occurring or artificially created mineral or glass with a clear and transparent appearance. Crystals are prized for their exceptional clarity, brilliance, and ability to refract light, making them popular choices for jewelry and decorative objects.

Glass that has been carefully crafted to resemble natural crystals in its appearance and optical properties. This type of glass is often used in the creation of exquisite glassware, jewelry, and ornamental items, offering a beautiful alternative to genuine gemstones.

A technique used to carve or engrave a design into a crystal or gemstone, resulting in a recessed image or pattern. Crystal intaglios can be highly intricate and detailed, often used in jewelry pieces as decorative elements or personal seals.

Jewelry that prominently features crystals as a primary component or focal point. Crystal jewelry can showcase a wide range of crystal types, such as quartz, amethyst, or Swarovski crystals, and is valued for its captivating sparkle, vibrant colors, and metaphysical properties.

Referring to a substance or material that exhibits a crystal-like structure or appearance, characterized by its arrangement of atoms or molecules in a repeating pattern. In the context of jewelry, crystalline gemstones and minerals are highly valued for their natural beauty and unique optical properties.

A synthetic gemstone widely used as an affordable alternative to diamonds. Cubic zirconia closely resembles the brilliance and fire of a diamond, making it a popular choice for jewelry enthusiasts seeking the look of luxury at a more accessible price point.

A wide and rigid bracelet that encircles the wrist, often featuring an open-back design or a hinged mechanism for ease of wearing. Cuff bracelets can be simple and sleek or elaborately embellished, making them versatile accessories for both casual and formal occasions.

A decorative accessory used to fasten the cuffs of a shirt or blouse, typically consisting of a decorative front face and a hinged bar or toggle mechanism. Cuff-links come in various designs, materials, and styles, allowing individuals to add a touch of personal style and sophistication to their formal attire.

A type of gemstone setting where the stone is partially recessed into the metal, creating a protected and secure setting. This setting style allows the gemstone to sit slightly below the surface, offering additional protection against accidental impacts while showcasing its beauty.

The small facet at the bottom of a gemstone, typically found in brilliant-cut diamonds. The culet serves to protect the delicate point of the diamond and can vary in size from a tiny point to a larger facet. It plays a role in light reflection and refraction within the diamond, contributing to its overall appearance and brilliance.

The Cullinan diamond is a legendary gemstone discovered in South Africa in 1905. It remains the largest gem-quality diamond ever found, weighing over 3,100 carats in its rough state. The Cullinan diamond has a rich history and has been cut into several exquisite diamonds, many of which are part of royal jewelry collections.

A pearl that is intentionally cultivated by human intervention. Cultured pearls are created by inserting a foreign substance, such as a bead or tissue, into a mollusk or oyster, stimulating the formation of a pearl. These pearls exhibit the same beauty and luster as natural pearls and are highly valued in jewelry-making.

A brooch or pin shaped like a small cup or bowl, often featuring decorative elements such as gemstones, enamel, or intricate metalwork. Cupelliform brooches are elegant and eye-catching accessories that can add a touch of sophistication to any outfit.

A type of chain characterized by uniformly sized, interlocking links, typically with twisted or flattened surfaces. Curb chains are durable and versatile, commonly used in jewelry designs such as bracelets and necklaces. The distinctive appearance of curb chains adds texture and style to jewelry creations.

Currency jewelry refers to the practice of incorporating coins or currency into jewelry designs, often as decorative elements or settings, adding historical and numismatic significance to the pieces. It can include coins from various time periods and countries, showcasing their unique designs and historical context.

A curvette is a small and elegantly curved brooch or pin, typically worn at the collar or lapel, adding a touch of adornment and sophistication to the wearer's attire. Its graceful shape and intricate details make it a charming accessory that complements various styles.

The cushion cut is a classic gemstone cut characterized by its square or rectangular shape with rounded corners, resembling a cushion. It is known for its soft, romantic appeal and its ability to showcase a gemstone's color and brilliance with its large facets and graceful silhouette.

In the world of gemstones, the term "cut" refers to the style and shape into which a gemstone has been fashioned. It involves the precise cutting and polishing of facets to maximize the stone's brilliance, fire, and overall visual appeal. The cut plays a vital role in determining a gemstone's beauty and value.

Cut steel jewelry was a popular style during the Georgian and Victorian eras, featuring intricately faceted steel pieces that resemble gemstones. The technique involves cutting and shaping steel into various geometric forms, often arranged in decorative patterns or motifs, creating a unique and striking contrast between the dark metal and its sparkling faceted surfaces.

The cut-corner triangle cut is a distinctive gemstone cut that combines the sharp lines of a triangle with cut corners, resulting in a slightly softer and more rounded shape. This cut showcases the gemstone's brilliance and can be a captivating choice for those seeking a geometric yet elegant design.

The cut-down setting is a technique used in jewelry where metal is cut away and shaped to hold a gemstone securely in place while maximizing its visibility. This type of setting allows more light to enter the gemstone, enhancing its brilliance and creating a visually appealing, open gallery effect.

Cutting is the intricate process of shaping and faceting a gemstone to enhance its beauty, brilliance, and overall appearance. Skilled lapidaries carefully craft facets onto the gemstone's surface, strategically positioning them to reflect and refract light, resulting in dazzling displays of color, sparkle, and fire.

Cuttlefish casting is a unique casting technique that utilizes molds made from cuttlefish bones. The bones' softness and porous nature make them ideal for creating intricate and textured molds, which are then used to cast molten metal. This technique allows for the creation of distinctive and organic metalwork with intricate details and fascinating textures.

The Cuxton Brooch is an archaeological treasure discovered in Cuxton, England. It is a medieval brooch featuring exquisite gold filigree work, intricate details, and delicate craftsmanship. The brooch showcases the skill and artistry of the medieval goldsmiths and provides valuable insights into the decorative arts of that time period.

A cylinder seal is a small cylindrical object, often made of stone, used in ancient times to imprint designs or inscriptions onto wax or clay. These seals were rolled over the material to create a unique impression, serving as a personal signature or symbol of authority. They are valuable artifacts that offer glimpses into the ancient civilizations and their artistic expressions.

A cylindrical amulet case is a tubular or cylindrical container used to hold amulets or protective charms. These cases are often crafted from precious metals or adorned with decorative motifs, allowing individuals to carry their cherished amulets close to their hearts and seek protection or good fortune wherever they go.

Cymophane, also known as cat's eye chrysoberyl, is a remarkable gemstone that exhibits chatoyancy, a captivating optical effect resembling the slit eye of a cat. The gemstone's silky, luminous band of light seems to glide across its surface, adding depth and allure to jewelry designs and making it a sought-after choice for gemstone enthusiasts.

Cymric refers to a style of silver jewelry designed by Archibald Knox for Liberty & Co. in the early 20th century. Influenced by Celtic and Art Nouveau aesthetics, Cymric jewelry is characterized by its organic forms, intricate knotwork, and incorporation of gemstones. It represents a unique blend of artistic expression and craftsmanship, reflecting the spirit of the era.

The term "cyprine" is used to describe jewelry or gemstones that exhibit a color resembling copper. This earthy and warm tone can range from reddish-brown to deep orange, evoking a sense of warmth and natural beauty. Cyprine jewelry offers a distinctive aesthetic that appeals to those seeking unique and earthy gemstone options.

Cypriote jewelry refers to the ancient jewelry produced on the island of Cyprus. Renowned for its intricate metalwork and the use of precious materials such as gold, silver, and gemstones, Cypriote jewelry reflects the rich cultural heritage and skilled craftsmanship of the ancient Cypriot civilization. These archaeological treasures provide valuable insights into the artistic traditions and adornment practices of the time.

A cyst pearl is a type of pearl that forms within the soft tissues of a mollusk rather than within its shell. These pearls often have irregular shapes and sizes, showcasing unique and organic characteristics. Cyst pearls possess a distinct allure, offering an alternative to traditional round pearls and adding a touch of natural beauty and individuality to jewelry designs.

A jewelry design technique characterized by a specific pattern of raised gold beads and granulation, named after the coastal region of Brittany in France. It involves meticulously crafting tiny gold beads or granules and arranging them in intricate patterns to create a textured and luxurious effect.